Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of pre-DM PWOH and PWH who did and did not develop incident DM.
| Characteristic | A PWOH No Incident DM N=611 |
B PWOH Incident DM N=180 |
C PWH No Incident DM N=613 |
D PWH Incident DM N=180 |
A vs B P |
C vs D P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 51.5 (45.2–58.1) | 50.3 (45.1–57.1) | 47.7 (41.2–53.7) | 48.0 (42.5–53.0) | 0.5 | 0.68 |
| Calendar year, median (IQR) | 2006 (2004–2008) | 2004 (2003–2006) | 2006 (2004–2010) | 2004 (2002–2007) | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Non-white race/ethnicity, n (%) | 175 (29) | 61 (34) | 287 (47) | 85 (47) | 0.19 | 0.93 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | 0.02 | 0.85 | ||||
| Never smoked | 188 (31) | 48 (27) | 170 (28) | 51 (29) | ||
| Former smoker | 264 (44) | 66 (37) | 228 (38) | 70 (40) | ||
| Current smoker | 149(25) | 64 (36) | 201 (34) | 55 (31) | ||
| HCV co-infection per last measure, n (%) | 23 (4) | 12 (7) | 48 (8) | 18 (10) | 0.10 | 0.36 |
| BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 26.5 (23.9–29.5) | 29.4 (26.1–33.8.0) | 25.2 (23.0–28.0) | 26.2 (23.8–29.3) | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Waist-hip ratio, median (IQR) | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Weight change since last visit (kg), median (IQR) | 0.6 (−0.9–2.2) | 0.9 (−0.7–3.4) | 0.3 (−1.2–2.1) | 0.5 (−1.2–2.3) | 0.051 | 0.40 |
| Moderate/severe lipoatrophy, n (%) | 8 (1) | 6 (3) | 30 (5) | 14 (8) | 0.10 | 0.14 |
| Family history of diabetes, n (%) | 310 (51) | 121 (67) | 338 (56) | 120 (68) | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Duration of HIV infection (years), median (IQR) | - | - | 18.0 (14.2–22.4) | 16.8 (13.5–20.1) | - | 0.01 |
| History of AIDS, n (%) | - | - | 50 (8) | 24 (13) | - | 0.04 |
| HIV viral load < 50 copies/mL, n (%) | - | - | 386 (64) | 102 (57) | - | 0.12 |
| Cumulative years of NRTI use, median (IQR) | - | - | 5.3 (1.8–9.4) | 6.2 (3.5–9.9) | - | 0.02 |
| Current thymidine analog use, n (%) | - | - | 163 (27) | 89 (51) | - | <0.01 |
| Cumulative years of stavudine use, median (IQR) | - | - | 0.0 (0.0–2.8) | 0.6 (0.0–3.2) | - | 0.03 |
| Cumulative years of PI use, median (IQR) | - | - | 1.8 (0.0–5.2) | 2.9 (0.0–4.8) | - | 0.12 |
AIDS = acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; BMI = body mass index; HCV = hepatitis C virus; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; IQR = interquartile range; NRTI = nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI = protease inhibitor; Pre-DM = pre-diabetes mellitus; PWH = persons with HIV; PWOH = persons without HIV.