Background: Since the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there have been many studies evaluating hypersensitivity reactions, however, these have been limited to individuals with active COVID-19 infection or in relation to COVID-19 vaccination. The prevalence of hypersensitivity reactions in the general population relative to the start of the pandemic are lacking. We sought to determine if there was a difference in the rate of contact dermatitis (CD) secondary to Dermabond® use before and after the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Pediatric and adolescent Gynecology (PAG) laparoscopic (LSC) cases.
Methods: Following IRB approval, electronic medical records of all PAG patients who underwent LSC between 9/2018-7/2021 at a single institution were retrieved using CPT codes. The primary outcome was the incidence of CD with Dermabond®. Charts were reviewed to determine other associations with Dermabond® CD including: timing of menarche, history of COVID-19 infection, history of COVID-19 vaccination, and history of other associated clinical conditions or allergic reactions. Descriptive statistics were reported.
Results: 401 charts were reviewed. Of these, 188 LSC cases noted Dermabond® use. 63 of those cases occurred prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and 125 after pandemic onset. The mean age of patients was 12.5 and 13.6 for pre- and post-pandemic, respectively. The mean ages of menarche were 11.8 and 9.8, respectively. Prior to the pandemic, CD case incidence was 1.6% (N=1). After pandemic onset CD incidence was 2.4% (N=3). For post-pandemic patients, of 122 who did not have CD following Dermabond®, 11 had at least 1 vaccine at the time of surgery (9%). For 3 who experienced CD from Dermabond, only 1 had a COVID-19 vaccine (33%). 4 of the patients who did not have Dermabond CD had COVID-19 infection at some point prior to surgery (3.2%). None of the patients who had CD from Dermabond® had prior COVID-19 infection (0%). For those who experienced CD from Dermabond, one had a history of allergic rhinitis (33%). The other two did not have significant medical or allergy history. For those without CD from Dermabond, 13% had allergic rhinitis (N=17), 8% had asthma (N=10), and 7% had atopic dermatitis (N=9).
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated a low incidence of CD from Dermabond® in PAG LSC cases overall. There was no significant difference in CD from Dermabond® comparing cases from before and after the start of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, but this is likely due to small case numbers. Further research is required to confirm or deny a correlation between hypersensitivity reactions and the pandemic.
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