Table 1.

Participant Characteristics (N = 77)

Characteristics	Rurala (n = 50)	Not Rurala (n = 27)
Credentials, No. (%)b
Advanced Practice Nurse	18 (36)	6 (22)
Physician	24 (48)	19 (70)
Physician Assistant	7 (14)	2 (8)
Other	1 (2)	0
Racial background, No. (%)
Non-White	7 (14)	3 (12)
White	40 (80)	21 (81)
Prefer not to answer	3 (6)	2 (8)
Missing	0	1
Sex, No. (%)
Female	30 (63)	16 (59)
Male	15 (31)	8 (30)
Sex variant/nonconforming	0	1 (4)
Prefer not to answer	3 (6)	2 (7)
Missing	2	0
Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino, No. (%)
Yes	1 (2)	0
No	43 (90)	25 (93)
Prefer not to answer	4 (8)	2 (7)
Missing	2	0
Average years of practice, mean ± SD	18.3 ± 12.6	18.7 ± 12.8
Days per week subjects see patients, No. (%)
≤3.5	15 (30)	10 (40)
>4	35 (70)	15 (60)
Missing	0	2
Leadership role
No	31 (63)	17 (63)
Yes	18 (37)	10 (37)
Missing	1	0
Medical director	6 (35)	6 (60)
Quality improvement	1 (6)	0
Other	10 (59)	4 (40)
Missing	1	0
Type of lung cancer screening referrals made, No. (%)
LDCT only	29 (58)	17 (63)
LDCT and other screening methods	14 (28)	7 (26)
Other screening methods	7 (14)	3 (11)
Average no. of LDCT referrals made per month, No. (%)
0	11 (23)	6 (22)
1-3	28 (58)	16 (59)
4-6	6 (13)	5 (19)
≥7	3 (6)	0
Missing	2	0
Do you refer outside of primary location? Yes, No. (%)	13 (29)	18 (69)
No. of subjects who indicated they refer patients for LDCT screening based on the following indications,c No. (%)
Patient’s preference	33	20
Closest location	32	15
Patient’s insurance	23	22
My institution	18	4
Affiliated institution	7	3
Other	5	5
Reputation	3	1
Personal connection	2	0
How many providers chose at least one of the top three reasons? No. (%)	33 (66)	21 (78)
Type of reminder used to determine eligibility for lung cancer screening, No. (%)
EHR reminder	31 (66)	19 (68)
No reminders, alerts, or flags	13 (28)	7 (25)
Other platform	2 ()	2 (7)
Don’t know	1 (2)	0
Missing	3	0
Role of staff within lung cancer screening, No. (%)
Who does the shared decision-making interaction when the patient decides whether to get lung cancer screening?
Respondent	43 (96)	25 (96)
Clinic staff	2 (4)	1 (4)
Radiology facility	0	0
No one	0	0
I don’t know	0	0
Other	0	0
Missing	5	1
Who is responsible for follow up with patients to ensure they complete their baseline LDCT scan? No. (%)
Respondent	12 (27)	7 (27)
Clinic staff	20 (44)	12 (46)
Radiology facility	4 (9)	0
No one	8 (18)	5 (19)
I don’t know	1 (2)	2 (8)
Other	0	0
Missing	5	1
Who makes sure that patients follow the recommendations from the baseline LDCT scan?d No. (%)
Respondent	28 (64)	19 (73)
Clinic staff	11 (25)	3 (12)
Radiology facility	3 (7)	2 (8)
No one	1 (2)	0
I don’t know	1 (2)	1 (4)
Other	0	1 (4)
Missing	6	1
Who ensures patients are not lost to follow up?e No. (%)
Respondent	11 (24)	5 (19)
Clinic staff	18 (40)	9 (35)
Radiology facility	2 (4)	5 (19)
No one	10 (22)	4 (15)
I don’t know	3 (7)	3 (12)
Other	1 (2)	0
Missing	5	1
Who refers a patient to other providers when the LDCT result suggests lung cancer?f No. (%)
Respondent	42 (93)	25 (96)
Clinic staff	3 (7)	1 (4)
Radiology facility	0	0
No one	0	0
I don’t know	0	0
Other	0	0
Missing	5	1
Who uses a registry (paper or electronic) to track patients who undergo LDCT lung cancer screening?g No. (%)
Respondent	0	1 (4)
Clinic staff	9 (22)	4 (16)
Radiology facility	4 (10)	3 (12)
No one	17 (41)	11 (44)
I don’t know	9 (22)	6 (24)
Other	2 (5)	0
Missing	9	2

LDCT = low-dose CT.

^aWe determined rurality using facility zip codes and Oregon Health Department rurality designation data.

^bContains nonmissing data and may not equal 100% because of rounding.

^cSubjects were allowed to pick their top three reasons.

^dA patient has a nodule found on the initial scan and is recommended to receive a 6-month follow-up LDCT.

^eThe patient comes back for the annual LDCT scan.

^fReferring a patient to a pulmonologist for a nodule.

^gMore than 10% missing responses.