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. 2022 Feb 26;14(3):478. doi: 10.3390/v14030478

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Host pathways implicated in Env trafficking and particle incorporation. Env is synthesized on ER-associated ribosomes, forming trimers in this organelle. As gp160 timers progress through the Golgi, they are glycosylated, and furin-mediated cleavage occurs in the TGN. The cleaved trimers reach the PM, followed rapidly by endocytosis into early endosomes. From here, multiple pathways are possible, including degradation in the late endosome/lysosome, retrograde transport to the TGN, and transport to the ERC. Evidence favors a role for outward recycling from the ERC in mediating Env incorporation into particles in a CT-dependent manner. Shown are roles for clathrin/AP-2, retromer, a potential role for AP-1, and outward recycling mediated by Rab11-FIP1C. Figure compiled using BioRender.com (2022).