. 2022 Mar 14;10(3):611. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10030611

Table 4.

Epidemiology of pAmpC-BLs in Africa (2010–2020).

Author (Reference)	Year of Population Study	Year of Publication	Country of Target Population	Population (H/C) ^a	Specific Conditions	n	AmpC (%) ^b		Global ^c	Genetic Identification	Most Frequent AmpC Enzymes
Author (Reference)	Year of Population Study	Year of Publication	Country of Target Population	Population (H/C) ^a	Specific Conditions	n	E. coli	K. pneumoniae	Global ^c	Genetic Identification	Most Frequent AmpC Enzymes
Ogbolu et al. [62]	2005–2007	2011	Nigeria	H	EI	134	-	-	4.50	PCR/WGS	DHA-1
Barguigua et al. [63]	2010	2013	Morocco	C	ECI	1,174	0.59	-	-	PCR/WGS	CIT group
Barguigua et al. [57]	2010–2011	2013	Morocco	C	KPI	453	-	0.88	-	PCR/WGS	EBC group
Yusuf et al. [59]	Data not available	2014	Nigeria	H/C	EI	543	4.23	3.50	11.23	-	-
Helmy et al. [58]	2011–2012	2014	Egypt	H	EI	143	14.68	2.09	18.18		CIT group
Nakaye et al. [64]	2013	2014	Uganda	H	3GCR	293	-	-	39.60	PCR	EBC group
Gharout-Said et al. [65]	2005–2010	2015	Algeria	H	EI	922	-	-	1.60	PCR/WGS	CMY-4
Chérif et al. [66]	2006–2009	2015	Tunisia	H	EI	11,393	-	-	0.59	PCR/WGS	CMY-2
Tellevik et al. [56]	2010–2011	2016	Tanzania	H/C	EI	603	0.50	-	-	PCR/WGS	CMY-2
Zorgani et al. [61]	2013–2014	2017	Libya	H	EI	151	1.98	3.97	5.96	PCR	CIT group
Tanfous et al. [67]	2002–2011	2018	Tunisia	H	KPI	128	-	2.30	-	PCR/WGS	CMY-4
Tanfous et al. [68]	2002–2013	2018	Tunisia	H	ESBL	128	-	2.34	-	PCR/WGS	CMY-4
Rensing et al. [69]	2013	2019	Egypt	H/C	EI	225	1.45	0.97	2.91	PCR	CIT group
Mohamed et al. [70]	2018	2020	Egypt	C	EI	440	2.04	2.04	4.09	PCR/WGS	DHA-1
Estaleva et al. [60]	2015	2021	Mozambique	H/C	ECI	230	10.86	-	-	PCR/WGS	FOX/MOX

^a Type of population studied: Hospital (H)/Community (C). ^b Percentage positivity for AmpC among all isolates evaluated in the study. ^c Percentage global positivity that includes species other than E. coli and K. pneumoniae and/or does not differentiate between cAmpC-BL and pAmpC-BL. PCR: polymerase chain reaction; WGS: whole genome sequencing; ECI: E. coli isolates; 3GCR: third-generation cephalosporin-resistant; EI: Enterobacteriaceae isolates; KPI: K. pneumoniae isolates; ESBL: extended spectrum beta-lactamase.