A-B, Effects of PKA inhibitory peptide (PKI, A, *: P=2.72E-10 RFP+ISO vs. RFP−ISO, *: P =2.04E-06 PKI+ISO vs. PKI−ISO) or CaMKII inhibitor (KN93, 0.5 μmol/L, B) on ISO (0.1 μmol/L, 24 hr) induced MCU upregulation in adult mouse cardiomyocytes. n=4. C, Effects of KN93 on constitutively active Gsα (caGsα) induced MCU upregulation. n=4. D, Effects of CaMKIIδ shRNA (shCaMKII) on ISO-induced MCU upregulation. n=4. E, Effects of overexpressing HA-tagged CaMKIIδC (δC) or δB on MCU expression. n=4. F, Effect of overexpressing HA-tagged dominant negative CaMKIIδC (DNδC) or DNδB on ISO-induced MCU upregulation. n=4. G, Effects of DNδB on mitochondrial Ca2+ concentrations (measured by mt-PeriCam) after ISO administration. *: P=3.04E-05 LacZ+ISO vs. LacZ−ISO, #: P=4.89E-10 DNδB+ISO vs. LacZ+ISO. n=79–98 cells from 4 mice. H, Effects of calcineurin (CaN) inhibitor cyclosporine A (CsA, 1 μmol/L) on ISO-induced MCU upregulation. n=4. I, Effects of CaN overexpression on MCU protein levels. n=4. J, Effects of β blocker propranolol (Prop, 10 mg/kg/day) or KN93 (10 μmol/kg/day) on ISO-induced MCU upregulation in mouse hearts *: P=1.529E-06 +ISO vs. −ISO. n=6.