Abstract
We compared the ability of SARS-CoV2 Spike-specific antibodies to induce natural killer (NK) cell-mediated antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in patients with natural infection and vaccinated persons. Analyzing plasma samples from 39 COVID-19 patients and 11 vaccinated individuals, significant induction of ADCC could be observed over a period of more than three months in both vaccinated and recovered individuals. Although plasma antibody concentrations were lower in recovered patients, we found antibodies elicited by natural infection induced a significantly stronger ADCC response compared to those induced by vaccination, which may affect protection conferred by vaccination.
Keywords: ADCC, COVID-19, NK cell, mRNA Vaccine
Contributor Information
Gereon J Rieke, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Kathrin van Bremen, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Jenny Bischoff, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Michael To Vinh, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Malte B Monin, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Stefan Schlabe, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner-site Cologne-Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Jan Raabe, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Kim M Kaiser, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Claudia Finnemann, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Alexandru Odainic, Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Anushka Kudaliyanage, Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Eicke Latz, Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Christian P Strassburg, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Christoph Boesecke, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner-site Cologne-Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Susanne V Schmidt, Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Benjamin Krämer, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Jürgen K Rockstroh, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner-site Cologne-Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Jacob Nattermann, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner-site Cologne-Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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