Table 11.

Anti-inflammatory effects of α-Bisabolol in different experimental models.

Dose/Route/ Duration	Model	Major Mechanisms	Reference
Cells treated with: 2.5, 5, 10 μM for 24 h Mice treated with 30 mg/kg/day p.o daily for 8 weeks	AGEs (50μg/mL for 2 h) induced OA in chondrocytes and Destabilization of the medial meniscus in mice	↓ iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, p65 PGE2, nitrite, IL-6, ↓ MMP13 ↑ collagen II, aggrecan ADAMT-S5, ↓ NF-κB, IκBα, ↓ pJNK, ↓ p-p38, ↑ chondrocytes and proteoglycans	[121]
30, 50, or 100 mg/kg, p.o, 4 h before LPS	LPS (25 µg/25 µL intranasal) induced acute lung inflammation in mice	↓ neutrophils, ↓ MPO, ↓ AHR, ↓ elastance, ↓ MIP-2 and KC ↓ alveolar wall thickening, inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar hemorrhage, and lung tissue damage	[122]
560, 860 and 1200 μM	LPS (10 μg/mL for 24 h) induced inflammation in human myometria biopsies	↓ TNF-α, IL-1β	[123]
50 mg/kg, p.o	Carrageenan (100 μL of 1% (w/v)) induced pleurisy in mice	↓ TNF-α	[4]
In vitro: 0.5, 1, 3, 10, 30, or 90 μg/mL and in vivo: 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg p.o 1 h before surgery	Zymosan (1 mg/cavity, i.p.) induced neutrophils in peritoneal cavity of mice and Cecal ligation and puncture induced systemic infection	↑ phagocytosis of neutrophils, ↓ leukocytes, ↓ NO, ↓ mortality ↓ colony forming units	[124]
25 and 100 μM for 2h	LPS (500 ng/mL) induced inflammatory response in RAW264.7 macrophages cells	↓ NO, PGE2, ↓ iNOS, COX-2, ↓ NF-jB, AP-1, ↓ pERK, p-p38	[125]

Symbols indications: ↑; increase, ↓; decrease.