Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of women and men in Chicago Health and Aging Population (n=2449). Data are numbers (%) unless stated otherwise
| Characteristics | Women: lifestyle score | Men: lifestyle score | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall (0-5) | 0-1 healthy factor | 2-3 healthy factors | 4-5 healthy factors | Overall (0-5) | 0-1 healthy factor | 2-3 healthy factors | 4-5 healthy factors | ||
| No of participants (%) | 1540 (100) | 411 (26.7) | 878 (57.0) | 251 (16.3) | 909 (100) | 215 (23.7) | 536 (59.0) | 158 (17.3) | |
| Demographics | |||||||||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 76.2 (6.8) | 77.7 (7.3) | 76.1 (6.8) | 73.8 (5.4) | 75.8 (6.7) | 76.6 (7.2) | 76.0 (6.8) | 74.0 (5.3) | |
| Black or African American | 884 (57.4) | 283 (68.9) | 519 (59.1) | 82 (32.7) | 505 (55.6) | 160 (74.4) | 297 (55.4) | 48 (30.4) | |
| Education (years), mean (SD) | 12.5 (3.3) | 11.4 (3.3) | 12.5 (3.2) | 14.2 (2.9) | 12.6 (4.1) | 10.7 (3.6) | 12.7 (4.1) | 15.0 (3.2) | |
| Marital status | |||||||||
| Single | 85 (5.5) | 25 (6.1) | 44 (5.0) | 16 (6.4) | 42 (4.6) | 9 (4.2) | 26 (4.9) | 7 (4.4) | |
| Married | 520 (33.8) | 126 (30.7) | 280 (31.9) | 114 (45.4) | 636 (70.0) | 147 (68.4) | 362 (67.5) | 127 (80.4) | |
| Divorced or separated | 156 (10.1) | 46 (11.2) | 89 (10.1) | 21 (8.4) | 61 (6.7) | 19 (8.8) | 34 (6.3) | 8 (5.1) | |
| Widowed | 778 (50.6) | 214 (52.1) | 464 (52.9) | 100 (39.8) | 170 (18.7) | 40 (18.6) | 114 (21.3) | 16 (10.1) | |
| Genetics | |||||||||
| APOE ε4 carrier | 502 (32.6) | 143 (34.8) | 280 (31.9) | 79 (31.5) | 307 (33.8) | 80 (37.2) | 175 (32.6) | 52 (32.9) | |
| Lifestyle factors | |||||||||
| MIND diet, mean score (SD) | 6.9 (1.6) | 5.9 (1.1) | 7.0 (1.5) | 8.1 (1.4) | 6.6 (1.6) | 5.7 (1.1) | 6.6 (1.6) | 7.8 (1.5) | |
| Late life cognitive activity, mean score (SD) | 3.2 (0.7) | 2.7 (0.6) | 3.2 (0.7) | 3.8 (0.4) | 3.0 (0.7) | 2.6 (0.6) | 3.0 (0.6) | 3.6 (0.5) | |
| Physical activity (min/week), median (IQR) | 50.0 (0.0-210.0) | 0.0 (0.0-47.5) | 55.5 (0.0-201.9) | 270.0 (176.2-420.0) | 120.0 (0.0-330.0) | 0.0 (0.0-63.8) | 145.0 (10.0-360.0) | 312.5 (210.0-555.6) | |
| Current smoker | 153 (9.9) | 85 (20.7) | 61 (6.9) | 7 (2.8) | 108 (11.9) | 58 (27.0) | 49 (9.1) | 1 (0.6) | |
| Alcohol consumption (g/day), mean (SD) | 3.0 (6.5) | 1.7 (6.1) | 3.1 (6.5) | 4.9 (6.9) | 6.8 (12.8) | 4.2 (13.7) | 7.5 (13.2) | 7.7 (8.9) | |
| Lifestyle score 0-5, mean (SD) | 2.3 (1.1) | — | — | — | 2.4 (1.2) | — | — | — | |
| Comorbidities | |||||||||
| 0 | 822 (53.4) | 184 (44.8) | 485 (55.2) | 153 (61.0) | 455 (50.1) | 109 (50.7) | 267 (49.8) | 79 (50.0) | |
| 1 | 508 (33.0) | 149 (36.3) | 275 (31.3) | 84 (33.5) | 341 (37.5) | 72 (33.5) | 213 (39.7) | 56 (35.4) | |
| 2 | 182 (11.8) | 66 (16.1) | 104 (11.8) | 12 (4.8) | 101 (11.1) | 27 (12.6) | 54 (10.1) | 20 (12.7) | |
| 3-4 | 28 (1.8) | 12 (2.9) | 14 (1.6) | 2 (0.8) | 12 (1.3) | 7 (3.3) | 2 (0.4) | 3 (1.9) | |
| Others risk factors | |||||||||
| Body mass index, mean (SD) | 27.5 (6.1) | 27.5 (6.8) | 27.7 (6.0) | 26.8 (4.8) | 26.5 (4.7) | 25.5 (5.2) | 26.7 (4.5) | 27.2 (4.4) | |
| Depressive symptoms, mean CESD scale score (SD) | 1.7 (2.1) | 2.4 (2.4) | 1.6 (1.9) | 1.1 (1.7) | 1.4 (1.9) | 1.9 (2.1) | 1.3 (1.8) | 0.9 (1.5) | |
Comorbidities include heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancers. MIND diet score does not include the point from alcohol (wine) intake; that is, MIND diet without alcohol.
APOE=apolipoprotein E; CESD=Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression; MIND=Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay.