In the article “Similarities and Differences between COVID-19-Associated Nephropathy and HIV-Associated Nephropathy” [Kidney Dis. 2022;8:1–12. DOI: 10.1159/000 520235] by Chen et al., in Table 1, the first two entries in the column “Virus” have been interchanged. The corrected Table 1 is shown here.
Table 1.
Comparison between COVID-19- and HIV-associated kidney diseases
| COVID-19-associated kidney disease | HIV-associated kidney disease | |
|---|---|---|
| Virus | Coronaviruses, enveloped, positive single-stranded RNA viruses | Lentivirus, enveloped, positive single-stranded RNA viruses |
| Incidences | 2–46% COVID-19 patients | 6–48.5% HIV-infected patients |
| Clinical presentations | AKI, proteinuria, hematuria | AKI, proteinuria, enlarged kidney |
| Pathology | ATI, cFSGS, MCD, MN, lupus nephritis, and TMA | cFSGS, HIVCK, ATN, tubulointerstitial disease |
| Infection of kidney cells | Unknown, likely via ACE2 | Yes, via cell-cell transmission (lymphocytes-kidney cells) |
| APOL1 risk alleles | Yes for cFSGS | Yes for cFSGS |
| Systemic effects | Yes with cytokine storm | Yes with sepsis |
| Drug toxicity | Yes, but not well-determined | Yes with tenofovir and others |
| CKD | AKI to CKD or AKI on CKD | Affect CKD progression |
| Treatment | No effective antiviral drugs, transient infection with development of neutralizing antibodies, vaccine available | Effective viral suppressive drugs, persistent and not curable, kidney is viral reservoir, no vaccine |
AKI, acute kidney injury; CKD, chronic kidney disease; APOL1, apolipoprotein L1; cFSGS, collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; HIVCK, HIV-associated immune complex kidney disease; ATN, acute tubular necrosis; MN, membranous nephropathy; TMA, thrombotic microangiopathy; MCD, minimal change disease; ATI, acute tubular injury; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.