Table 3.
Compilation of studies on the impact of irradiation techniques on the quality and preservation of seafood.
| Radiation Dose/Type | Food Matrix | Results | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 kGy/EBI | Shrimp (Solenocera melantho) | Weight loss. Decrease in chewiness with increasing radiation. Reduced concentration of polyphenol oxidase. Strong bactericidal effect observed, increasing alongside radiation dose. Destruction of shrimp muscle above 6 kGy. | [122] |
| 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 kGy/EBI | Gazami crab (Portunus trituberculatus) | Changes in the composition of microbial communities. Decrease in bacterial variety. Proteobacteria dominated microflora above 4 kGy. Psychrobacter only inhibited above 8 kGy. The recommended dose to achieve bactericidal aims defined at 6 kGy. | [18] |
| 1.5, 3, and 4.5 kGy/gamma | Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), herring *, mackerel * |
Decrease in total viable bacteria. At 4.5 kGy, reduction in Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, yeasts, and molds below detectable values. Superior bactericidal activity at higher radiation doses. Considerably higher values of peroxide and TBA in irradiated samples. Reduced organoleptic score in samples irradiated with 4.5 kGy. | [126] |
| 1, 3, 5, and 7 kGy/gamma | Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) | Reduced peroxide, TBA, and TVB-N values in irradiated samples. Up to 2 log CFU/g of reduction in irradiated samples after 15 days of storage. Increase in lipid oxidation and development of unpleasant odors. Reduced lightning index and superior yellowish color in treated samples. Increased softness, reduced chewiness, and hardness. Up to 3 days of shelf life-extension. | [127] |
| 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 kGy/EBI | Atlantic salmon * | Reduced TVB-N values in irradiated samples. Increased TBA values are higher in treated samples. Inhibition of bacterial growth proportional to the radiation dose. Unpleasant color and odor at higher doses. No significant sensorial changes in doses below 2 kGy. Inhibition of bacterial growth. | [120] |
| 1, 2, 4, and 6 kGy/gamma | Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) | Reduction in total viable counts. Elimination of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio vulnificus. Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes. | [121] |
Legend: * no binomial classification of species provided by the study.