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Treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) if ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspiratory oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) was <80 mm Hg compared with conventional mechanical ventilation without ECMO. Treatment strategies, when ECMO was initiated based on various thresholds for driving pressure, were compared with conventional mechanical ventilation. Shaded areas represent 95% confidence intervals
