Phenotypic characteristics of GRX cells. (A) GRX and AML12 cells were seeded in cell culture dishes and representative images taken from subconfluent and confluent cultures. Original magnifications are 200×. The space bars correspond to 50 µm. (B) Cell extracts were prepared from AML12 and GRX cells and analyzed for expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), caveolin-1 (Cav-1), collagen type I (Col I), collagen type III (Col III), collagen type IV (Col IV), desmin, E-cadherin (E-cad), and fibronectin, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), transferrin, and vimentin. The expression of α-tubulin, β-actin, or GAPDH and the Ponceau S stain were included to demonstrate equal protein loading.