Table 1.

Characteristics of the study population.

Characteristics	National	Beijing	Liaoning	Heilongjiang	Shanghai	Jiangsu	Shandong	Henan	Hubei	Hunan	Guangxi	Guizhou	Chongqing
No. of participants	13,076	1098	978	960	1284	1143	1035	1099	983	1098	1344	1033	1021
Gender, %
Male	47.1	47.5	47.0	47.7	46.9	46.8	47.0	46.8	46.2	47.0	48.0	47.4	46.2
Female	52.9	52.5	53.0	52.3	53.1	53.2	53.0	53.2	53.8	53.0	52.0	52.6	53.8
Location, %
Urban	42.2	79.6	28.0	32.0	80.5	33.4	32.4	35.0	32.8	36.1	29.6	30.8	47.7
Rural	57.8	20.4	72.0	68.0	19.5	66.6	67.6	65.0	67.2	63.9	70.4	69.2	52.3
Age, yrs	49.7 ± 16.0	44.8 ± 14.9	52.4 ± 14.7	48.5 ± 14.0	48.7 ± 15.9	51.8 ± 16.7	52.1 ± 15.5	49.0 ± 16.4	51.3 ± 15.0	50.5 ± 15.9	48.1 ± 17.6	51.4 ± 17.1	49.4 ± 14.9
BMI, kg/m2	22.8 ± 6.3	24.7 ± 4.6	24.4 ± 5.6	24.1 ± 5.4	24.0 ± 3.9	23.0 ± 5.3	24.9 ± 4.6	20.7 ± 9.2	22.4 ± 6.3	23.1 ± 4.8	18.3 ± 8.9	22.0 ± 5.0	23.3 ± 4.6
Energy, kcal	1929.1 ± 790.2	1661.2 ± 713.2	1926.6 ± 712.7	2071.7 ± 760.8	1771.7 ± 652.6	2160.3 ± 828.5	1941.4 ± 821.9	1833.9 ± 799.3	2265.4 ± 1181.5	2159.8 ± 682.4	1814.1 ± 644.9	1961.0 ± 742.1	1661.6 ± 773.9
Carbohydrate, g	273.6 ± 130.8	231.4 ± 102.6	271.3 ± 112.2	302.4 ± 133.1	212.1 ± 94.8	290.5 ± 132.8	301.3 ± 141.9	309.0 ± 123.6	356.9 ± 196.5	266.8 ± 101.4	301.9 ± 121.9	259.2 ± 99.4	191.0 ± 94.5
Protein, g	69.2 ± 34.9	66.7 ± 35.2	65.6 ± 34.0	66.5 ± 31.5	78.5 ± 35.9	84.0 ± 41.9	70.6 ± 31.6	59.5 ± 26.8	79.6 ± 44.4	72.8 ± 33.3	68.9 ± 27.1	59.7 ± 28.5	54.9 ± 33.2
Fat, g	66.1 ± 45.9	56.6 ± 38.7	67.6 ± 40.1	71.7 ± 37.3	72.0 ± 37.8	77.7 ± 45.6	53.7 ± 36.6	45.8 ± 43.8	61.4 ± 46.1	92.2 ± 47.1	41.7 ± 28.4	79.8 ± 54.0	79.2 ± 60.5

Note: SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index.