Last November, for the World Pneumonia Day (November 12th), the Third Pneumonia National Meeting was held in the Marina of Valencia. This activity was developed by the Study Group of Infections in critical patients of the Spanish Society of Clinical Microbiology and infectious Diseases in conjunction with the Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery. This is a scientific activity accredited and endorsed by the Spanish Society of Clinical Microbiology and infectious Diseases, the Spanish Society of Chemotherapy, the Madrid Society of Clinical Microbiology and the Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery itself. This year the meeting, in virtual format, attracted more than 1,000 professionals from all the medical specialties related to this process.
The current supplement of the journal includes the abstracts in the form of mini-reviews with the contents of lectures given in the meeting. The reviews have been grouped into 5 topics to ensure a more didactic character. The first, entitled current concepts in the diagnosis of pneumonia, included topics such as the cytometric profile as a biomarker in the management of pneumonia, the need for rapid microbiological diagnosis of pneumonia in the critically ill patient, the value of syndromic platforms in the management of severe community-acquired pneumonia and the usefulness of chest ultrasound in the diagnosis and follow-up of pneumonia. The second covered new antimicrobial alternatives in the treatment of pneumonia, such as ceftobiprole, ceftaroline, cefiderocol, ceftolozane-tazobactam, ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem-vaborbactam or imipenem-relebactam. The third section was dedicated to pneumonia in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The topics developed in this section were ventilatory support in pneumonia, steroid therapy and antiviral treatment, immunotherapy, bacterial superinfection or respiratory functional sequelae after infection. The fourth section aims to update special issues in pneumonia. It reviews aspiration pneumonia, the top ten articles in pneumonia 2020-2021, the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to occupational pneumonias, the aetiology, diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia in immunocompromised hosts, the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to fungal pneumonia in the critically ill patient and the impact of vaccination on the epidemiology and prognosis of pneumonia. The last section included some clinical cases of pneumonia which, due to their aetiology or clinical profile, required a multidisciplinary approach. We hope you find it attractive and didactic.