EDITOR IN CHIEF (2022)
Rozanne M. Sandri-Goldin
University of California, Irvine
EDITORS
Lawrence Banks, Editor (2025)
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
Carolyn Coyne, Minireview Editor (2025)
Duke University School of Medicine
Rebecca Ellis Dutch, Editor (2022)
University of Kentucky College of Medicine
Lori Frappier, Editor (2026)
University of Toronto
Thomas M. Gallagher, Editor (2022)
Loyola University Medical Center
Britt Glaunsinger, Minireview Editor (2025)
University of California, Berkeley
Felicia D. Goodrum, Editor (2024)
University of Arizona
Mark T. Heise, Editor (2023)
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Jae U. Jung, Editor (2025)
Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute
Frank Kirchhoff, Editor (2024)
Ulm University Medical Center
Susana López, Editor (2023)
Instituto de Biotecnologia/UNAM
Anice Lowen, Editor (2026)
Emory University School of Medicine
J.-H. James Ou, Editor (2024)
University of Southern California
Colin R. Parrish, Editor (2024)
Cornell University
Theodore C. Pierson, Minireview Editor (2025)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Stacey Schultz-Cherry, Editor (2025)
Cover Editor St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Joanna L. Shisler, Editor (2023)
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Guido Silvestri, Editor (2023)
Emory University
Anne Simon, Editor (2022)
University of Maryland
Viviana Simon, Editor (2022)
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Kanta Subbarao, Editor (2025)
The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity
Bryan Williams, Editor (2023)
Hudson Institute of Medical Research
ASSOCIATE EDITORS
Hector C. Aguilar, Associate Editor (2022)
Cornell University
Stacy M. Horner, Associate Editor (2024)
Duke University Medical Center
Sabra L. Klein, Associate Editor (2022)
The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Vera Tarakanova, Associate Editor (2022)
Medical College of Wisconsin
Patrick D. Schloss, Chairman, Journals Committee
Stefano Bertuzzi, Chief Executive Officer
Melissa Junior, Senior Director, Journals
Kristine Krebs, Managing Editor
Julie Nachman, Assistant Managing Editor
EDITORIAL BOARD
Allison Abendroth ('22)
Hector C. Aguilar ('23)
Jin-Hyun Ahn ('22)
Tero Ahola ('24)
Christopher Aiken ('24)
Randy Albrecht ('24)
Lorraine Albritton ('22)
José Alcami ('24)
Gaya Amarasinghe ('23)
Cristian Apetrei ('22)
Carlos F. Arias ('24)
James Arthos ('24)
Ann Arvin ('24)
Aravind Asokan ('23)
Walter J. Atwood ('22)
Joel Baines ('24)
Susan C. Baker ('23)
Bruce W. Banfield ('22)
Eric Barklis ('23)
Dan Barouch ('24)
Alan Barrett ('24)
Peter A. Barry ('22)
Ralf Bartenschlager ('23)
David J. Barton ('23)
Jason C. Bartz ('23)
Christopher Basler ('24)
George Belov ('24)
Lbachir BenMohamed ('23)
Jeffrey M. Bergelson ('23)
Cornelia Bergmann ('22)
Ben Berkhout ('24)
Andrea Bertke ('24)
Sonja Best ('24)
Joel Blankson ('24)
Gary W. Blissard ('22)
David C. Bloom ('22)
Karl W. Boehme ('22)
Kathleen Boris-Lawrie ('24)
Jason M. Brenchley ('23)
Wade Bresnahan ('23)
Margo A. Brinton ('23)
William Britt ('24)
Christopher Broder ('24)
Jay Brown ('23)
Wolfram Brune ('22)
Michael Buchmeier ('24)
Christopher B. Buck ('23)
Alexander Bukreyev ('24)
Michael I. Bukrinsky ('23)
Andrew Byrnes ('22)
Craig Cameron ('24)
Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume ('22)
Samuel Campos ('24)
Roberto Cattaneo ('24)
Ann Chahroudi ('22)
Lisa A. Chakrabarti ('22)
Wen Chang ('23)
Yu-Chan Chao ('23)
Nora Chapman ('24)
Saurabh Chattopadhyay ('24)
Linda Chelico ('24)
Mingzhou Chen ('23)
Gregory Chinchar ('24)
Nicolas Chomont ('22)
Paul Clapham ('22)
François Clavel ('24)
Rollie Clem ('24)
Jeffrey I. Cohen ('22)
Ronald Collman ('24)
John H. Connor ('22)
Karl-Klaus Conzelmann ('22)
Barbara S. Coulson ('22)
Bryan Cullen ('22)
Blossom Damania ('22)
Pranav Danthi ('22)
Miles Davenport ('23)
David J. Davido ('23)
Victor DeFilippis ('24)
Juan Carlos de la Torre ('23)
Neal A. DeLuca ('24)
Mark R. Denison ('23)
Cynthia A. Derdeyn ('22)
Prashant Desai ('24)
Aravinda M. de Silva ('22)
Ronald Desrosiers ('24)
Ulrich Desselberger ('24)
Paul Digard ('24)
Daniel DiMaio ('22)
Shou-Wei Ding ('23)
Dirk Dittmer ('22)
Valerian Dolja ('23)
Esteban Domingo ('24)
John Doorbar ('24)
Jeffrey R. Dorfman ('23)
Margherita Doria ('24)
Philip R. Dormitzer ('22)
Christian Drosten ('24)
Jean D. Dubuisson ('23)
Jaquelin Dudley ('24)
Breck Duerkop ('24)
Lynn B. Dustin ('22)
Gregory Ebel ('22)
John H. Elder ('22)
Alan Engelman ('24)
Lynn W. Enquist ('22)
David T. Evans ('22)
Matthew J. Evans ('22)
Oliver T. Fackler ('22)
Erik Falck-Pedersen ('22)
Bentley Fane ('24)
Paul J. Farrell ('22)
Michael Farzan ('24)
Herman W. Favoreel ('22)
Heinrich U. Feldmann ('23)
Pinghui Feng ('24)
Zongdi Feng ('22)
Ana Fernandez-Sesma ('24)
Sarah Jane Flint ('23)
Svetlana Folimonova ('24)
James Craig Forrest ('23)
Steven Foung ('22)
Eric O. Freed ('23)
Matthew B. Frieman ('23)
Shou-Jiang Gao ('23)
Robert Garcea ('24)
Fernando Garcia-Arenal ('24)
Adam P. Geballe ('22)
Chou-Zen Giam ('24)
Paul Goepfert ('24)
Tatyana V. Golovkina ('23)
Alexander Gorbalenya ('24)
Heinrich Göttlinger ('23)
Urs Greber ('24)
Charles Grose ('24)
Marvin J. Grubman ('23)
Valery Z. Grdzelishvili ('22)
Haitao Guo ('24)
Ju-Tao Guo ('24)
Scott B. Halstead ('23)
Richard Hardy ('24)
Edward W. Harhaj ('24)
Reuben Harris ('22)
Ronald Harty ('24)
Biao He ('22)
Bin He ('24)
Patrick Hearing ('24)
Ekaterina E. Heldwein ('24)
Scott Hensley (' 24)
Alon Herschhorn ('23)
Vanessa Hirsch ('24)
John Hiscott ('22)
Brenda Hogue ('24)
Geoffrey H. Holm ('22)
Eddie Holmes ('24)
Fred Homa ('24)
Edward A. Hoover ('24)
Thomas Hope ('24)
Stacy M. Horner ('24)
Jianming Hu ('22)
Stephen Hughes ('24)
Ronald M. Iorio ('22)
Stuart Isaacs ('24)
Bertram Jacobs ('23)
Michael A. Jarvis ('22)
Dong-Yan Jin ('24)
Marc C. Johnson ('22)
Welkin Johnson ('24)
Clinton Jones ('22)
Robert Kalejta ('24)
Jeremy Kamil ('22)
Stephanie M. Karst ('24)
Fatah Kashanchi ('23)
Richard A. Katz ('22)
Yoshihiro Kawaoka ('22)
Kenneth Kaye ('24)
Brandon Keele ('24)
Shannon Kenney ('23)
Stephen J. Kent ('24)
Rajiv Khanna ('23)
Alexander Khromykh ('22)
Margaret Kielian ('24)
Paul R. Kinchington ('23)
David Knipe ('23)
Kouacou Konan ('24)
Konstantin Kousoulas ('23)
Timothy F. Kowalik ('22)
Orkide O. Koyuncu ('24)
Christine Kozak ('23)
Florian Krammer ('22)
Peter Krell ('24)
Thomas Krey ('22)
Thomas M. Kristie ('22)
Laurie Krug ('22)
Claude Krummenacher ('24)
Mark Krystal ('23)
Jens H. Kuhn ('23)
Richard Kuhn ('22)
Deanna Kulpa ('22)
Sebla B. Kutluay ('22)
Michael Lai ('24)
Laimonis Laimins ('24)
Robert A. Lamb ('24)
Ke Lan ('23)
Nathaniel Landau ('24)
Ryan A. Langlois ('24)
Benhur Lee ('24)
David A. Leib ('23)
Laura Levy ('22)
Renfeng Li ('24)
Bo Liang ('23)
Paul M. Lieberman ('23)
Brett Lindenbach ('22)
Maxine L. Linial ('22)
Jia Liu ('23)
Shan-Lu Liu ('22)
Richard Lloyd ('24)
Dan Loeb ('22)
Volker Lohmann ('22)
Shan Lu ('22)
Micah A. Luftig ('23)
Guangxiang G. Luo ('22)
Min-Hua Luo ('24)
Hinh Ly ('24)
Douglas S. Lyles ('23)
Margaret MacDonald ('22)
Jason Mackenzie ('24)
Erich Mackow ('24)
Suresh Mahalingam ('24)
Bernardo Mainou ('24)
Shinji Makino ('22)
Frank Maldarelli ('24)
Lara Manganaro ('24)
Balaji Manicassamy ('24)
Matthew D. Marsden ('24)
Luis Martinez-Sobrido ('24)
Paul S. Masters ('22)
Wendy Maury ('24)
Alison McBride ('24)
Sarah McDonald ('24)
Andrew Mehle ('23)
Xiang-Jin Meng ('22)
Janet E. Mertz ('22)
Ilhem Messaoudi ('24)
Thomas Mettenleiter ('23)
Craig Meyers ('22)
Cathy L. Miller ('24)
Christopher Miller ('24)
Edward S. Mocarski ('23)
Ian Mohr ('22)
Nathaniel Moorman ('22)
Thomas Moran ('22)
Thomas E. Morrison ('23)
Trudy Morrison ('24)
Anne Moscona ('23)
Ashlee V. Moses ('23)
Bernard Moss ('22)
Walther Mothes ('24)
Karl Mönger ('24)
Carsten Mönk ('22)
Eain A. Murphy ('22)
Joe S. Mymryk ('22)
Peter Nagy ('22)
Stuart J. Neil ('22)
Donna M. Neumann ('23)
Gabriele Neumann ('23)
James Ng ('24)
Anthony V. Nicola ('24)
Jack Nunberg ('23)
Christine O'Connor ('22)
Peter O'Hare ('24)
Akira Ono ('22)
Klaus Osterrieder ('22)
Slobodan Paessler ('23)
Mirko Paiardini ('23)
Peter Palese ('22)
Massimo Palmarini ('24)
Leslie Parent ('22)
John Parker ('24)
Griffith D. Parks ('22)
A. Lorena Passarelli ('23)
Vinay K. Pathak ('23)
John Patton ('24)
William A. Paxton ('22)
Mark E. Peeples ('22)
Andrew Pekosz ('24)
Philip E. Pellett ('22)
Daniel Perez ('24)
Stanley Perlman ('23)
Sallie Permar ('24)
Thomas Pietschmann ('23)
Gorben P. Pijlman ('23)
David J. Pintel ('22)
James M. Pipas ('23)
Vicente Planelles ('24)
Richard K. Plemper ('24)
Alexander Ploss ('22)
Eric Poeschla ('24)
Stefan H. Pöhlmann ('22)
B. V. Venkataram Prasad ('22)
Peter Prevelige ('24)
Jianming Qiu ('22)
Nancy Raab-Traub ('22)
Vincent R. Racaniello ('23)
Glenn Rall ('22)
Irene Ramos ('23)
Glenn Randall ('23)
Ranjit Ray ('24)
Ratna Ray ('24)
Stuart C. Ray ('22)
Barbara Rehermann ('22)
Alan R. Rein ('23)
Rolf Renne ('22)
Andrew Rice ('24)
Bert K. Rima ('22)
Michael Robek ('24)
Erle S. Robertson ('22)
Christopher M. Robinson ('24)
Harriet L. Robinson ('23)
George Rohrmann ('22)
Richard J. Roller ('23)
Monica Roth ('22)
Stefan Rothenburg ('23)
Raymond R. Rowland ('22)
Charles Russell ('22)
Wang-Shick Ryu ('24)
Anthony Sadler ('22)
Takeshi Saito ('22)
Jeffery T. Sample ('22)
Charles E. Samuel ('23)
R. Jude Samulski ('23)
Peter Sarnow ('23)
Quentin Sattentau ('24)
Daniel Sauter ('22)
Luis M. Schang ('22)
Matthias J. Schnell ('23)
John Schoggins ('24)
Herman B. Scholthof ('23)
Olivier Schwartz ('22)
Martin Schwemmle ('23)
Bert L. Semler ('22)
Megan L. Shaw ('22)
Pei-Yong Shi ('23)
Sujan Shresta ('22)
Laurie Silva ('24)
Alison Sinclair ('24)
John Sinclair ('22)
Mark Slifka ('22)
Gregory A. Smith ('24)
Jason G. Smith ('22)
Eric Snijder ('24)
Isabel Sola ('24)
Alicia Solorzano ('22)
Hugo Soudeyns ('24)
Paul Spearman ('24)
Deborah Spector ('24)
Katherine R. Spindler ('23)
Arun Srivastava ('24)
Leonidas Stamatatos ('24)
John Steel ('24)
Thilo Stehle ('24)
Jonathan P. Stoye ('23)
Klaus Strebel ('24)
Mark D. Stenglein ('23)
Christopher S. Sullivan ('23)
Ren Sun ('22)
Mehul Suthar ('23)
Gerd Sutter ('23)
Nobuhiro Suzuki ('24)
Yuri Svitkin ('24)
Sankar Swaminathan ('22)
Ronald Swanstrom ('22)
Toru Takimoto ('23)
Vera Tarakanova ('22)
Michelle Tate ('24)
Peter Tattersall ('22)
John E. Tavis ('23)
John M. Taylor ('22)
Alice Telesnitsky ('23)
Scott Terhune ('24)
Carolyn M. Teschke ('22)
Markus Thali ('22)
Volker Thiel ('23)
Robert Thimme ('22)
Paul G. Thomas ('22)
Scott Tibbetts ('24)
Georgia D. Tomaras ('24)
Shuping Tong ('24)
Greg J. Towers ('22)
Paula Traktman ('22)
David C. Tscharke ('22)
Stephen Turner ('22)
Steven Varga ('24)
Subhash Vasudevan ('24)
Subhash C. Verma ('22)
Marco Vignuzzi ('24)
Christopher M. Walker ('22)
Aiming Wang ('23)
David Wang ('22)
Scott Weaver ('22)
Susan Weiss ('24)
Matthew D. Weitzman ('24)
Sandra Weller ('23)
Sean Whelan ('24)
K. Andrew White ('24)
Anna Whitfield ('23)
Jason K. Whitmire ('22)
Michael Whitt ('24)
Reed B. Wickner ('24)
John V. Williams ('23)
Duncan W. Wilson ('23)
Patrick Wilson ('24)
Christiane Wobus ('22)
Scott W. Wong ('22)
Yan Xiang ('23)
Otto Yang ('24)
Zhilong Yang ('24)
Jin Ye ('24)
Weiming Yuan ('22)
Yan Yuan ('22)
Andrew Yurochko ('22)
Xuming Zhang ('22)
Jincun Zhao ('22)
Chunfu Zheng ('23)
Zhi-Ming Zheng ('23)
Fanxiu Zhu ('22)
Michael Zwick ('24)
The Journal of Virology (ISSN 1098-5514), a publication of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM), 1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC 20036-2904, is devoted to the dissemination of fundamental knowledge concerning viruses of bacteria, plants, and animals. Investigators are invited to submit reports of original research in all areas of basic virology, including biochemistry, biophysics, genetics, immunology, morphology, physiology, and pathogenesis and immunity.
Journal of Virology became an online-only journal with Volume 89, Issue 1 (January 2015). The final print issue was Volume 88, Issue 24 (December 2014). Previous print ISSN: 0022-538X.
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CODEN: JOVIAM
doi:10.1128/JVI.masthead.96-10