Table 1.
Characteristicsa of Health ABC Black men by APOE genotype categories
| Mean (standard deviation) or frequency (percent) | APOE genotype categories | Overall p-valueb; pairwise comparisonsc | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ε2 carriers (n = 58) | ε3 homozygotes (n = 137) | ε4 carriers (n = 83) | ε2ε4 carriers (n = 14) | ||
| Age | 75 (2.5) | 75 (2.9) | 75 (2.9) | 73 (2.1) | .99 |
| Pittsburgh site | 31 (53%) | 77 (56%) | 47 (57%) | 6 (43%) | .92 |
| More than high school education | 9 (16%) | 44 (32%) | 25 (30%) | 3 (21%) | .06 |
| Current smoker, year 1 | 10 (17%) | 23 (17%) | 17 (20%) | 5 (36%) | .78 |
| Height (cm), year 1 | 172 (7.2) | 174 (6.3) | 172 (7.5) | 171 (6.3) | .16 |
| Weight (kg) | 78 (15) | 83 (14) | 79 (15) | 80 (12) | .05 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26 (4.6) | 27 (4.5) | 27 (4.4) | 28 (3.8) | .18 |
| Waist circumference (cm), year 1 | 98 (13) | 101 (11) | 98 (13) | 98 (11) | .18 |
| Appendicular lean mass (kg/m2) | 8.2 (1.3) | 8.4 (1.1) | 8.2 (1.1) | 8.4 (1.1) | .32 |
| Body fat (%) | 27 (5.4) | 29 (5.6) | 28 (5.4) | 29 (6.3) | .25 |
| Daily dietary intake: | |||||
| Total calories (Kcal) | 2239 (1355) | 2145 (900) | 2309 (1168) | 2375 (1448) | .55 |
| Protein kilocalories (%) | 13 (2.7) | 14 (3.1) | 14 (3.6) | 16 (2.7) | .13 |
| Fat kilocalories (%) | 36 (7.6) | 35 (7.6) | 34 (7.0) | 35 (7.8) | .50 |
| Carbohydrates kilocalories (%) | 52 (8.9) | 52 (8.5) | 53 (10) | 50 (11) | .92 |
| Protein intake (g) | 73 (45) | 73 (32) | 82 (44) | 96 (66) | .25 |
| Fat intake (g) | 91 (63) | 84 (43) | 89 (50) | 95 (74) | .63 |
| Saturated fat intake (g) | 26 (18) | 24 (13) | 26 (15) | 27 (18) | .77 |
| Cholesterol intake (g) | 0.30 (0.2) | 0.27 (0.2) | 0.30 (0.2) | 0.37 (0.3) | .60 |
| Fiber intake (g) | 18 (11) | 18 (8.2) | 19 (10) | 17 (13) | .68 |
| Prevalent disease, year 1: | |||||
| Cardiovascular disease | 13 (22%) | 48 (35%) | 26 (31%) | 3 (21%) | .22 |
| Hypertension | 31 (56%) | 82 (62%) | 43 (54%) | 10 (77%) | .60 |
| Diabetes | 13 (22%) | 27 (20%) | 17 (20%) | 2 (14%) | .91 |
| Cancer | 4 (7%) | 17 (12%) | 11 (13%) | 0 | .46 |
| Number of rx medications | 3.4 (3.8) | 3.3 (2.9) | 3.1 (2.7) | 3.0 (2.4) | .82 |
| Taking lipid-lowering medication | 5 (9%) | 25 (18%) | 14 (16%) | 1 (7%) | .23 |
| Overall lipid profile: | |||||
| Total cholesterol | 183 (35) | 198 (36) | 200 (38) | 193 (30) | .01; ε2 < ε3, ε4 |
| Total cholesterol, year 1 | 175 (33) | 199 (37) | 199 (34) | 186 (20) | < .0001; ε2 < ε3, ε4 |
| LDL cholesterol, year 1 | 99 (33) | 124 (34) | 125 (33) | 106 (18) | < .0001; ε2 < ε3, ε4 |
| HDL cholesterol, year 1 | 53 (14) | 52 (14) | 51 (14) | 59 (19) | .81 |
| Triglycerides, year 1 | 120 (59) | 116 (60) | 116 (58) | 103 (44) | .92 |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/mL) | 3.7 (4.5) Med = 2.4 | 3.8 (3.6) Med = 2.8 | 3.8 (3.6) Med = 2.5 | 2.9 (1.8) Med = 2.3 | .69 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL), year 1 | 1.3 (0.3) | 1.2 (0.3) | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.2) | .25 |
APOE, Apolipoprotein E genotype; Med, Median
aMeasured at year 2 unless stated otherwise
bExcluding n = 14 participants with APOE genotype ε2ε4
cε2 denotes ε2 carriers (ε2ε2 and ε2ε3); ε3 denotes ε3 homozygotes (ε3ε3), and ε4 denotes ε4 carriers (ε3ε4 and ε4ε4)