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Illustration of glial cells and neurons and their interactions with different α-syn conformers, showing (a) liberation of proinflammatory cytokines from astroglial and microglial cells, contributing to their activation, (b) liberation of proinflammatory cytokines from microglial cells that affect neurons, (c) activation of astrocytes, impairing trophic support to neurons, and (d) myelination deficiency, negatively affecting axonal conduction and neuronal function.
