Table 5. Research gaps.

Intellectual Capital (IC) And Frugal Innovation (FI) In HEIs	Intellectual Capital (IC) And IT Capabilities (ITC)	IT Capabilities (ITC) And Frugal Innovation (FI)	Mediating Effect of It Capabilities Between Intellectual Capital (IC) And Frugal Innovation (FI)
Less Explored Context Inconclusive results between IC and organizational performance and innovation There is hardly any research that focuses on IC and Frugal innovation in the context of PHEI	Limited Research on IC and ITC within PHEI context There is a need to include some new indicators in dynamic business world such as information technology Capability (ITC) 88 , 89	Limited Findings ITC has not been used as one of the tools necessary in supporting Frugal innovation achievement in PHEI The investigation on Frugal innovation in higher education context still lacking 12 , 90 , 91	Less Explored Context The investigation of the mediating effect of ITC between Intellectual Capital and Frugal innovation in PHEI has not been explored