Table 1.
Baseline descriptive characteristics of participants at baseline by physical function (N=1545)
| Independent Variables | Overall N (%) | Moderate Physical Function N (%) | High Physical Function N (%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Total | 1545 | 975 | 570 | |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 71.98 ± 5.51 | 72.31 ± 5.78 | 71.42 ± 4.96 | |
| Sex | <.0001 | |||
| Male | 700 (45.31) | 385 (39.49) | 315 (55.26) | |
| Female | 845 (54.69) | 590 (60.51) | 255 (44.74) | |
| Marital status (married) | 940 (60.84) | 565 (57.95) | 375 (65.79) | 0.002 |
| BMI, mean ± SD | 27.73 ± 4.96 | 27.79 ± 5.17 | 27.64 ± 4.58 | <.0001 |
| Education (years), mean ± SD | 5.18 ± 4.11 | 4.88 ± 3.95 | 5.67 ± 4.33 | <.0001 |
| MMSE (<21) | 150 (9.71) | 95 (9.74) | 55 (9.65) | 0.952 |
| SPPB score, mean ± SD | 9.01 ± 1.42 | 8.09 ± 0.80 | 10.58 ± 0.69 | <.0001 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 362 (23.43) | 251 (25.74) | 111 (19.47) | 0.005 |
| Hypertension | 614 (39.74) | 401 (41.13) | 213 (37.37) | 0.145 |
| Stroke | 47 (3.04) | 34 (3.49) | 13 (2.28) | 0.183 |
| Heart Attack | 119 (7.70) | 75 (7.69) | 44 (7.72) | 0.985 |
| Cancer | 68 (4.40) | 48 (4.92) | 20 (3.51) | 0.191 |
| Hip Fracture | 28 (1.81) | 16 (1.64) | 12 (2.11) | 0.509 |
| Depressive symptoms | 246 (15.92) | 185 (18.97) | 61 (10.70) | <.0001 |
Note. Moderate physical function=SPPB <10; High physical function=SPPB ≥10; SD=standard deviation; BMI=body mass index (kg/m2), MMSE=Mini-Mental State Examination (0–30 range); SPPB=Short Physical Performance Battery (0–12 range); Depressive symptoms measured by Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D >16)