Expression of genes after treatment of saponin and terpenoid fraction in Zucker rat aorta. CON, control group; SAP, rats fed a standard diet with the addition of saponin fraction; TERP, rats fed a standard diet with the addition of terpenoid fraction. Values were normalized against Gapdh expression and presented as a fold-change in relation to gene expression in a control group. Specific comparisons: * p < 0.05 vs. CON; # p < 0.05 vs. SAP (ANOVA followed by the post hoc test). TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha; PPARα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha; PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; LOX1, lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor; MMP1, matrix metalloproteinase-1; NOS3, nitric oxide synthase 3; NOX1, NADPH oxidase 1; ACAT1, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1.