REAGENT or RESOURCE	SOURCE	IDENTIFIER
Bacterial and virus strains
Escherichia coli: strain OP50-1	CGC	OP50-1 https://cgc.umn.edu/strain/OP50-1
Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins
all-trans-retinal	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat# R2500-25MG
Deposited data
Original data	Mendeley Data	https://doi.org/10.17632/sp25w5kxvd.1
Experimental models: Organisms/strains
wild-type strain	Caenorhabditis Genetics Center (CGC)	N2 https://cgc.umn.edu/strain/N2
ceh-17(np1) Ⅰ; fln-2(ot611) X	CGC	IB16 https://cgc.umn.edu/strain/IB16
ceh-17(np1) Ⅰ	This study	SLP769
ceh-14(ch3) X; fln-2(ot611) X	CGC	TB528 https://cgc.umn.edu/strain/TB528
lite-1(ce314) X; wtfIs5[Prab-3::NLS::GcaMP6s; Prab-3::NLS::tagRFP]	(Hallinen et al., 2021)	AML70 https://cgc.umn.edu/strain/AML70
hpIs459[Punc-4-GCaMP6s::mCherry + lin-15( + )]	(Gao et al., 2018)	ZM8428 https://cgc.umn.edu/strain/ZM8428
hpIs587 [Pflp-14::GcaMP6::mCherry, lin-15( + )]	(Lim et al., 2016)	ZM9078 https://cgc.umn.edu/strain/ZM9078
ceh-17(np1) Ⅰ; lite-1(ce314) X; wtfIs5[Prab-3:: NLS::GcaMP6s + Prab-3::NLS::tagRFP]	This study	SLP930
remEx394[Pver-3::ChR2(C128S)::GFP]	This study	SLP983
remEx396[Plet-23::GcaMP6s, Plet-23::mCherry]	This study	SLP984
Recombinant DNA
Prab-3::NLS::GCaMP6s, Prab-3::NLS::GCaMP6s	Addgene	RRID:Addgene_68119; http://n2t.net/addgene:68119
pJH2447	Gift from Mei Zhen	pJH2447
pDONR201	Gift from Yuichi Iino	pDONR201
pPD-DEST	Gift from Yuichi Iino	pPD-DEST
pENTR-Pver-3	This study	pYH343
pENTR-Plet-23	This study	pYH344
pENTR-Pceh-17	This study	pYH251
pPD-DEST-GCaMP6s	This study	pYh340
pPD-DEST-mCherry	This study	pYH12
pPD-DEST-ChR2(C128S)::GFP	This study	pYH110
Pver-3::ChR2(C128S)::GFP	This study	pYH348
Plet-23::GCaMP6s	This study	pYH346
Plet-23::mCherry	This study	pYH350
Pceh-17::ChR2(C128S)::GFP	This study	pYH342
Software and algorithms
Python (version 3.9)		RRID: SCR_008394; https://www.python.org/
Igor Pro 8	WaveMetrics, USA	RRID:SCR_000325; https://www.wavemetrics.com/
SPSS (version 28.0)	IBM, USA	RRID:SCR_019096; https://www.ibm.com/products/spss-statistics
Fiji	NIH, USA	RRID:SCR_002285; https://fiji.sc/
Script for Ca2+ imaging analysis	This study; GitHub	https://github.com/hayashi-laboratory/Worm_Ca_imaging
Script for behavioral analysis	This study; GitHub	https://github.com/hayashi-laboratory/Worm_behavior_analysis
Script for optogenetics	This study; GitHub	https://github.com/hayashi-laboratory/Worm_optogenetics