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Strategies to improve CFTR function. Left: Activators (red) improve CFTR function by altering its normal regulation, for example by promoting phosphorylation of CFTR or via ATP analogues which lock CFTR in an open state. Right: CFTR potentiators (orange) interact directly with CFTR to promote function, in a phosphorylation-dependent, but ATP-independent manner. Co-potentiators (blue) also interact with CFTR, to further stimulate function but only in the presence of CFTR potentiators.
