Table 2.
Demographic, clinical and laboratory differences at admission of patients grouped by disease severity.
| Multivariate Analysis Ordered Logistic Regression |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with Mild Clinical Outcome n=789 (48%) |
Patients with Moderate Clinical Outcome n = 347 (21%) |
Patients with Severe Clinical Outcome n = 354 (22%) |
Patients Who Died during Hospitalization n = 151 (9%) |
p-Value | p-Value for the trend | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| Males, N. (%) | 485 (61) | 204 (58,8) | 232 (65,5) | 80(53) | 0.047 a | 0.559 d | 0.91 (0.72–1.14) | 0.427 |
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 59.31 (15.961) | 61.34 (15.752) | 63.18 (13.896) | 79.03 (12.030) | <0.001 c | <0.0001 e | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | <0.001 |
| Charlson comorbidity index, Median (Q1–Q3) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–4) | 3 (1–4) | 5 (4–7) | <0.0001 b | < 0.0001 e | 1.088 (1.005–1.18) | 0.037 |
| N. (%) with hypertension | 341 (43.2) | 173 (49.8) | 180 (50.8) | 86 (56.9) | 0.004 a | <0.0001 d | 1.07 (0.85–1.34) | 0.563 |
| N. (%) with cardio-vascular disease | 201 (25.5) | 87 (25) | 100 (28.2) | 79 (52.3) | <0.0001 a | <0.001 d | 0.84 (0.63–1.10) | 0.203 |
| N. (%) with diabetes | 152 (19.3) | 68 (19.6) | 73 (20.6) | 54 (35.7) | <0.0001 a | 0.001 d | 0.99 (0.74–1.32) | 0.931 |
| N. (%)with chronic kidney disease | 64 (8.1) | 27 (7.7) | 20 (5.6) | 36 (23.8) | <0.0001 a | 0.001 d | 1.01 (0.67–1.53) | 0.946 |
| N. (%)with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 62 (7.8) | 31 (8.9) | 37 (10.4) | 30 (19.8) | <0.0001 a | <0.001 d | 1.43 (0.99–2.08) | 0.059 |
| N. (%)with chronic liver disease | 35 (4.4) | 11 (3.1) | 7 (1.9) | 10 (6.6) | 0.053 a | 0.718 d | - | - |
| N. (%) with malignancy | 55 (6.9) | 18 (5.1) | 21 (5.9) | 18 (12) | 0.044 a | 0.292 d | 0.89 (0.56–1.43) | 0.632 |
| N.(%) with dementia | 29 (3,8) | 7 (2) | 12 (3,4) | 32 (21,2) | <0.0001 a | <0.001 d | 2.20 (1.30–3.73) | 0.003 |
| Days from admission to discharge *, Median (Q1–Q3) | 13 (9–19) | 15 (10–21) | 18 (12–25) | 10 (5–15) | <0.001 b | 0.437 e | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.179 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) ALT at admission ** | 32 (21–57) | 29 (20–48) | 37 (22–64) | 24 (14.5–39) | <0.001 b | 0.314 e | - | - |
| Median (Q1–Q3) AST at admission *** | 29 (20–46) | 30 (21–41) | 36 (25–50) | 35 (24–54.5) | <0.0001 b | <0.001 e | 1.002 (1.0001–1.004) | 0.040 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) bilirubin at admission £ | 0.57 (0.4–0.8) | 0.6 (0.44–0.83) | 0.62 (0.46–0.89) | 0.5 (0.4–0.9) | 0.0172 b | 0.004 e | 1.09 (1.002–1.19) | 0.045 |
* or death in patients who died during hospitalization; ** analysis performed on 1548 patients; *** analysis performed on 1445 patients; £ analysis performed on 1403 patients; a: Chi-Square test; b: Kruskal–Wallis Test; c: one-way ANOVA; d: linear by linear association; e: linear regression.