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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Immunology. 2022 Apr 22;166(3):341–356. doi: 10.1111/imm.13476

Figure 4: B7.1wa-DC and multiligand-DC treated pre-diabetic NOD mice show significant delay in disease onset.

Figure 4:

Ten-week-old pre-diabetic female NOD mice were left untreated (none) or injected i.v. with BcAg-pulsed, engineered-DCs twice at a 15-day interval (2×106 cells/mouse/injection). A) Cohorts of mice (14 mice/group for treated groups and 20 mice for “none” group) were monitored for hyperglycemia by testing for blood glucose levels every week. This experiment was conducted in 3 small batches of 4–5 DC-treated mice/group and the cumulative results are shown. At least five untreated mice were tested in every batch. B) Cohorts of mice (5 mice/group) were euthanized 30 days post-treatment, pancreatic sections were subjected to H&E staining and grading for insulitis severity. At least 150 islet areas from intermittent sections were examined for each group (at least 30 islet areas/mouse). C) Cohorts of mice (8 mice/group) were euthanized 15-days post-treatment, PnLN and spleen cells were stained for Foxp3 and analyzed by FACS. D) PnLN cells were also cultured in the presence of BcAg for 72h and supernatants were tested for secreted cytokines by multiplex assay or ELISA. P-value by log-rank test for panel A, Fisher’s exact test for panel B, and Mann-Whitney test for panels C and D. All P-values are in comparison with control-DC group unless indicated for B7.1wa group vs multiligand-DC group.