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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Prostate. 2022 May 10;82(11):1107–1116. doi: 10.1002/pros.24363

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Impact of measurement error on scientific inference. Using team-based annotations (triangle) or gold-standard annotations (circle), hazard ratios for four selected prognostic factors (in rows: age at diagnosis; PSA; primary treatment androgen deprivation; and Gleason score) and three outcomes (in columns, by increasing reliability: castration resistance, metastasis, death) were estimated.