Table 1.

Proteins associated with impaired mitochondrial dynamics in ALS.

Protein	Change	References
Mitochondrial fission
SOD1 TDP-43	Drp1 and Fis1 protein levels ↑ (mitochondrial fission ↑)	[40,45,46,47]
Mitochondrial fusion
SOD1 TDP-43	Mfn1 and Opa1 protein levels ↓ (mitochondrial fusion ↓)	[40,46,47]
Mitochondrial degradation
OPTN	Accumulation of damaged mitochondria	[49,50,51]
P62	Impaired LC3 recognition (Autophagy ↓)	[52,53]
Proteins related to disturbed mitochondrial Ca2+ handling
TDP-43	Decreased contacts between mitochondria and ER (mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake ↓)	[109]
VAPB	Disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis	[112]