Figure 3.

Relationship between spike-specific antibody and CD4⁺ T cell responses after mRNA vaccination

(A) Correlative analysis of spike-specific antibody and CD4⁺ T cell responses combined from all post-vaccination time points (days 10, 21, and 35 and 6 months).

(B) Distribution of spike-specific antibody titers based on the presence or absence of pre-existing (day 0) CD4⁺ T cell responses.

(C) Scatter plot of spike-specific antibody titers and CD4⁺ T cell response frequencies at day 35. Dashed lines represent the limit of detectable responses (antibody threshold = 0.8 U/mL, CD4⁺ threshold = 0.05%, after background subtraction).

(D) The proportion of individuals with detectable antibody and/or spike-specific CD4⁺ T cell responses at day 35 and 6 months.

Graphs show median ± IQR (B). (A) Spearman correlation. (B) Mann-Whitney test. ^∗ p < 0.05, ^∗∗ p < 0.01, ns = not significant. See also Figure S3.