Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of the Study Population.
| (37 Patients) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Age, Years | 67.0 [65.0; 69.0] | |
| Sex (Female/Male) | 16/21 (43.2%/56.8%) | |
| Echocardiography | LAD index | 2.35 [2.27; 2.43] |
| LVEF, % | 55.0 [53.0; 57.0] | |
| Cardiovascular Risk Factors | No Smoking | 16 (43.2%) |
| Smoking | 9 (24.3%) | |
| Ex smoking | 11 (29.7%) | |
| Hypertension | 21 (56.8%) | |
| Diabetes | 8 (21.6%) | |
| Dyslipidemia | 24 (64.9%) | |
| Surgical Treatment | AVR | 16 (43.2%) |
| MVR | 3 (8.1%) | |
| CABG | 26 (70.3%) | |
| Pharmacological Treatment | ACE inhibitor | 14 (37.8%) |
| ARB | 6 (16.2%) | |
| Calcium antagonists | 9 (24.3%) | |
| β-blockers | 19 (51.4%) | |
| Acetylsalicylic acid | 21 (56.8%) | |
| Statins | 26 (70.3%) | |
| More than one treatment | 27 (73.0%) |
Categorical values are given as number of patients with the condition and % of patients in parenthesis. Continuous values are given as mean ± standard error. Smoking was divided into three groups (Non-, Ex- and smokers). LAD index, left atrial diameter index; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; ACE inhibitor, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; AVR, aortic valve replacement; MVR, mitral valve replacement; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft.