Table 2.
Addressed domains and items of lifestyle screening tools for children in the community setting.
| Tool Name | Nutrition a | Physical Activity | Sedentary Behaviour/Screen Time | Sleep | Hygiene | Environment | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. NutricheQ [18,19,20] | ✓ | ||||||
| 2. Toddler Feeding Questionnaire (TFQ) b [21] | ✓ | ||||||
| 3. Toddler NutriSTEP b [22] | ✓ | Duration of watching TV or using the computer | Growth adequacy, child’s weight status | ||||
| 4. Toddler Dietary Questionnaire (TDQ) [23] | ✓ | ||||||
| 5. Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) b [24] | ✓ | ||||||
| 6. Nutrition Screening Tool for Every Preschooler (NutriSTEP) [25,26,27] | ✓ | Frequency of PA | Frequency and duration of watching TV, using computer and playing video games | Parental satisfaction of child’s growth, child’s weight status | |||
| 7. Preschooler Dietary Questionnaire (PDQ) b [28] | ✓ | ||||||
| 8. Preschoolers Diet–Lifestyle Index (PDL-index) [29] | ✓ | Duration of moderate-to-vigorous PA | Duration of watching TV | ||||
| 9. Healthy Kids [30] | ✓ | Preference for playing over watching TV | Duration of watching TV and playing video or computer games | Bedtime | |||
| 10. Tool by Das and Ghosh b [31] | ✓ | General knowledge on health and lifestyle | |||||
| 11. Start the Conversation 4–12 (STC-4-12) [32] | ✓ | Frequency and duration of sports, playing outside and being active, barriers and readiness to change regarding PA | Duration of screen time | ||||
| 12. Healthy Families Survey [33] | ✓ | Duration of PA, child sees parent being physically active | Duration of watching TV and using other screens, availability of TV in child’s bedroom | ||||
| 13. Knowledge, Attitudes and Habits (KAH-) questionnaire [34] | ✓ | Frequency of playing active games, liking exercise, activities after school and during weekends, knowledge and attitudes towards PA | Activities after school and during weekends | Brushing teeth, washing hands, taking bath or shower | Knowledge, attitudes and habits regarding the human body and emotions | ||
| 14. Parental Self-efficacy Questionnaire [35] | ✓ | Confidence regarding child being physically active and playing outside | Confidence regarding limiting amount of screen time | ||||
| 15. Tool by Chacko and Ganesan [36] | ✓ | ||||||
| 16. Food, Health and Choices questionnaire (FHC-Q) [37] | ✓ | Frequency of specific activities, medium PA and heavy PA | Frequency and duration of watching TV and playing video games | Self-determination, outcome expectations, self-efficacy, habit strength, goal intention, knowledge and social desirability regarding a healthy lifestyle | |||
| 17. Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (HEPASEQ-C) [38] | ✓ | Self-efficacy regarding PA | |||||
| 18. Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Behavior Recall Questionnaire for Children (HEPABRQ-C) [38] | ✓ | Duration of PA | |||||
| 19. Eating Behavior Questionnaire for School Children b [39] | ✓ | ✓ Not further specified | ✓ Not further specified | ||||
| 20. Tool by Drouin and Winickoff [40] | ✓ | Recent dental care visit | Tobacco smoke exposure | ||||
| 21. Child Nutrition and Physical Activity (CNPA) Screening Tool [41] | ✓ | Frequency and duration of PA | Duration of media use, availability of media in child’s bedroom | Perception, confidence and importance items on healthy choices | |||
| 22. Electronic Kids Dietary Index (E-KINDEX) [42] | ✓ | ||||||
| 23. Family Health Behavior Scale (FHBS) [43] | ✓ | Duration of being physically active, PA with parents, playing outside, doing sports, preferring indoor activities over outdoor activities, parental PA with child | |||||
| 24. Family Nutrition and Physical Activity (FNPA) screening tool b [44,45] | ✓ | Child’s PA, family PA | Screen time behaviour and monitoring | Sleep duration | Healthy environment | ||
| 25. HABITS questionnaire [46] | ✓ | Frequency of playing outside | Duration of watching TV | ||||
| 26. Healthy Living for Kids Survey (HLKS) b [47] | ✓ | Frequency and duration of ‘hard’, ‘moderate’ and ‘mild’ exercise, frequency of any activity to work up a sweat, self-efficacy for PA | Duration of screen time, number of TV shows/videos watched, self-efficacy for screen time | ||||
| 27. HeartSmartKids (HSK) b [48] (HeartSmartKids, LLC, Boulder, US) | ✓ | Duration of active play or sports | Duration of watching TV and using other screens | ✓ Not further specified | Anthropometric measures | ||
| 28. Home Self-Administered Tool for Environmental Assessment of Activity and Diet (HomeSTEAD) [49] | ✓ | ||||||
| 29. Lifestyle Behavior Checklist (LBC) [50,51] | ✓ | Parental problems experiencing and confidence in dealing with child complaining about PA | Parental problem experience and confidence in dealing with child watching too much TV and playing too many computer games | Parental problems experiencing and confidence in dealing with child complaining about problems related to obesity | |||
| 30. Pediatric Adapted Liking Survey (PALS) [52] | ✓ | Liking/disliking of brushing teeth, taking a bath, getting dressed | |||||
| 31. Short-Form, Multicomponent Dietary Questionnaire (SF-FFQ4PolishChildren) b [53] | ✓ | Intensity of PA at school and leisure time | Duration of screen time | Family affluence, height, weight | |||
| 32. Tool by Hendrie et al. [54] | Parental PA involvement, parental opportunity for PA role modelling, parental support of PA | Parental opportunity for screen time role modelling | See domain PA | ||||
| 33. Tool by Huang et al. [55] | Child’s self-efficacy regarding PA, home PA environment, sports facilities in neighbourhood, family and peer support for PA | Child’s perceived enjoyment of screen-based behaviours with parents, parental role modelling regarding screen time, rules and guidance on screen-based behaviours, availability of electronic screens | Child’s perceived neighbourhood safety, social environment in neighbourhood | ||||
| 34. Adolescent Lifestyle Profile (ALP) b [56,57] | ✓ | At least: frequency and duration of vigorous PA, playing active games with friends | Health responsibility, interpersonal relations, stress management, personal growth | ||||
| 35. Childhood Family Mealtime Questionnaire (CFMQ) (reduced) [58] | ✓ | ||||||
| 36. Diet–Lifestyle Index [59] | ✓ | Duration of extracurricular sport activities | Duration of watching TV and playing electronic games | Obesity status of parents | |||
| 37. Shortened Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) II b [60] | ✓ | ✓ Not further specified | Health responsibility, stress management | ||||
| 38. Tool by Fernald et al. b [61] | ✓ | At least: frequency and duration of PA | Duration of watching TV | Alcohol use, smoking | |||
| 39. Tool by Hyun et al. [62] | ✓ | ||||||
| 40. Tool by Hyun et al. [62] | ✓ | ||||||
| 41. VISA-TEEN [63] | ✓ | Duration of moderate and intense PA | Duration of using internet or gaming | Sleep duration | Frequency of brushing teeth and washing hands | Amount of cigarettes smoked, frequency of consuming alcohol and using drugs |
Note: Tools are sorted by target age. a Details on nutrition items are demonstrated in Table 3; b Specific items of screening tool not fully described.