Table 1.
Summary of systematically selected papers (only Se supplementation).
| Reference | Country | Pathology | Groups | Study Type | Characteristics of the Participants | Se Levels (μg/L) |
Cognitive Tests (Score) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardoso et al. [30] | Brazil | MCI | Se supplementation group consumed one Brazil nut daily for 24 weeks. | Randomized clinical trial | Sex Control Female = 6 Male = 3 Se supplementation Female = 8 Male = 3 Age Control 77.6 ± 6.6 Se supplementation 77.7 ± 4.3 |
Plasma Control Pre: 50.0 ± 15.5 Post: 47.8 ± 11.7 Se supplementation Pre: 56.2 ± 18.3 Post: 290.6 ± 74.6 Erythrocyte Control Pre: 50.8 ± 21.0 Post: 33.5 ± 16.1 Se supplementation Pre: 59.5 ± 20.6 Post: 574.6 ± 181.4 |
COWAT Control Pre: 16.3 ± 3.7 Post: 14.1 ± 3.9 Se supplementation Pre: 12.8 ± 3.3 Post: 14.1 ± 3.9 Constructional praxis Control Pre: 8.7 ± 2.6 Post: 8.3 ± 2.4 Se supplementation Pre: 7.7 ± 2.3 Post: 9.2 ± 2.2 |
| Cardoso et al. [15] | Brazil | MCI | Se supplementation group consumed one Brazil nut daily for 24 weeks. | Randomized clinical trial | Sex GPX1-rs1050450 CC Female = 7 Male = 1 CT + CT Female = 7 Male = 5 SEPP-rs7579 GG Female = 6 Male = 5 GA + AA Female = 7 Male = 1 SEPP-rs3877899 GG Female = 8 Male = 4 GA Female = 6 Male = 2 Age GPX1rs1050450 CC 77.3 ± 7.1 CT + TT 77.83 ± 4.1 SEPPrs7579 GG 77.4 ± 4.4 GA + AA 78.0 ± 6.5 S3877899 GG 76.7 ± 3.6 GA 79.1 ± 7.2 |
Plasma GPX1-rs1050450 CC Pre: 49.9 ± 10.3 Post: 246.2 ± 54.0 CT + CT Pre: 59.9 ± 21.6 Post: 315.9 ± 75.8 SEPP-rs7579 GG Pre: 59.6 ± 21.3 Post: 277.8 ± 62.1 GA + AA Pre: 50.3 ± 11.7 Post: 312.9 ± 98.9 SEPP-rs3877899 GG Pre: 52.8 ± 12.0 Post: 299.9 ± 68.7 GA Pre: 62.3 ± 27.5 Post: 274.2 ± 92.4 Erythrocyte GPX1-rs1050450 CC Pre: 65.1 ± 13.6 Post: 519.2 ± 239.8 CT + TT Pre: 56.4 ± 24.2 Post: 606.2 ± 151.2 SEPP-rs7579 GG Pre: 58.2 ± 22.5 Post: 536.6 ± 116.9 GA + AA Pre: 61.9 ± 19.8 Post: 640.9 ± 270.4 SEPP-rs3877899 GG Pre: 57.1 ± 16.9 Post: 607.4 ± 177.6 GA Pre: 63.7 ± 28.4 Post: 517.0 ± 199.1 |
- |
| Malpas et al. [25] | Australia | AD | Se nutritional dose (control): 320 μg sodium selenate 3 times a day for 24 weeks. Se supranutritional dose: 10 mg sodium selenate 3 times a day for 24 weeks. |
Phase IIa randomized control trial | Sex Control Female = 8 Male = 12 Supranutritional Female = 9 Male = 11 Age Control 71 Supranutritional 70 |
- | MMSE Control Pre: 20 Post: 19 Supranutritional Pre: 20 Post: 19 ADAS-Cog Control Pre: 22.1 Post: 22.2 Supranutritional Pre:19.7 Post: 22.3 COWAT Control Pre: 29 Post: 28 Supranutritional Pre: 25 Post: 20 |
| Cardoso et al. [31] | Australia | AD | Se nutritional dose (control): 320 μg sodium selenate 3 times a day for 24 weeks. Se supranutritional dose: 10 mg sodium selenate 3 times a day for 24 weeks. |
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study | Sex Nutritional Female = 4 Male = 4 Supranutritional Female = 15 Male = 4 Age Nutritional 73.4 ± 5.5 Supranutritional 69.5 ± 8.3 |
Serum Nutritional Pre: 122.2 ± 26.3 Post: 176.7 ± 46.2 Supranutritional Pre: 145.4 ± 28.8 Post: 858.3 ± 447.1 Cerebrospinal fluid Nutritional Pre: 1.6± 0.6 Post: 2.5± 0.7 Supranutritional Pre: 1.4 ± 0.5 Post: 20.2 ± 9.1 |
- |
| Tamtaji et al. [12] |
Iran | AD | Placebo: placebo (starch) for 12 weeks. Selenium: received selenium 200mg/day for 12 weeks. |
Randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial | Sex Uninformed Age Placebo 78.5 ± 8.0 Selenium 78.8 ± 10.2 |
- | MMSE Placebo Pre:9.3 ± 4.1 Post: 9.1 ± 4.4 Selenium Pre:9.9 ± 4.0 Post:10.4 ± 4.2 |
MMSE: Mini Mental State Examination; COWAT: Controlled Oral Word Association Test—Verbal fluency; and ADAS-Cog: Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale.