Table 1.
In vivo study outcomes related to metabolic syndrome.
| Study Type (Number of Publ. Associated with Event) |
Organism or Organism From Which Cells Were Originally Derived |
Frequency (%) | Main Event Identified (Number of Publ. Associated with Event) |
Substances Associated with Event |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| In vivo (114) | Rat | 40 | Hepatotoxicity (16) | PFCAs (C8-C12), PFOS |
| Decreased cholesterol (8) | PFDA, PFOS | |||
| PPARα activation (6) | PFOA, PFOS | |||
| Mouse | 53 | Hepatotoxicity (13) | PFOA, PFOS, 6:2 FTSA, 6:2 FTCA, 6:2 Cl-PFESA, HFPO-TA, PFO2HxA, PFO3OA, PFO4DA | |
| PPARα activation (13) | PFCAs (C8-C10), PFHxS, PFOS | |||
| Decreased body weight (7) | PFCAs (C8-C10), PFOS | |||
| Others, e.g., hamster, guinea pig, monkey, zebrafish, carp | 7 | Hepatotoxicity, decreased body weight | PFOA, PFOS, PFDoDA |
Abbreviations: PPAR = peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors; PFCAs = perfluorocarboxylic acids; PFOA = perfluorooctanoic acid; PFDA = perfluorodecanoic acid; PFDoDA = perfluorododecanoic acid; PFHxS = perfluorohexane sulfonate; PFOS = perfluorooctane sulfonate; FTSA = fluorotelomer sulfonate; FTCA = fluorotelomer carboxylic acid; 6:2 Cl-PFESA = 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate; HFPO-TA = hexafluoropropene oxide trimer; PFO2HxA = perfluoro-3,5-dioxahexanoic acid; PFO3OA = perfluoro-3,5,7-trioxaoctanoic acid; PFO4DA = perfluoro-3,5,7,9-butaoxadecanoic acid.