Baseline characteristics of mild COVID-19 patients and healthcare donors. Mild COVID-19 patients (n = 19) who were recruited and consented to this research were matched by sex and age with healthcare donors (n = 19). All patients were confirmed by positive RT-PCR results. No co-infection, immunocompromised status, immunosuppressant treatment, or endotracheal tube intubation were shown in any participants, as per the exclusion criteria. The controls were healthcare donors who had not been vaccinated or infected with SARS-CoV-2. All of the controls were seronegative for the anti-RBD IgG of SARS-CoV-2.