Table 5. Known properties of ring neuron classes.
LAL: lateral accessory lobe; BUs: superior bulb; pBUi: posterior inferior bulb; aBUi: anterior-inferior bulb; BUa: anterior bulb; CRE: crepine.
| Neuron type | Tuning | Modality group | Input region | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ER1_a | Mechanosensory? | Mechanosensory | LAL | Okubo et al., 2020 |
| ER1_b | Mechanosensory (wind) | LAL | ||
| ER2_a | Visual with small (~45°) ipsilateral receptive fields; subset with polarization tuning | Ipsilateral visual + pol | BUs | Hardcastle et al., 2020; Omoto et al., 2017; Seelig and Jayaraman, 2013; Sun et al., 2017 |
| ER2_b | BUs | |||
| ER2_c | BUs | |||
| ER2_d | BUs | |||
| ER3a_a | Visual, large contralateral receptive fields and self-motion motor tuning; ER3a_b also wind tuning | Contralateral visual + motor (+ wind) | aBUi | Okubo et al., 2020; Omoto et al., 2017; Shiozaki and Kazama, 2017 |
| ER3a_b | LAL+ CRE | |||
| ER3a_c | LAL + CRE | |||
| ER3a_d | aBUi + LAL | |||
| ER3d_a | Control of sleep structure | Sleep | pBUi | Liu et al., 2019, Connectivity with ExR1 and ExR3 (EB Figure 10F, sleep Figure 53) |
| ER3d_b | pBUi | |||
| ER3d_c | pBUi | |||
| ER3d_d | pBUi | |||
| ER3m | Visual, large contralateral receptive fields and self-motion motor tuning | Contralateral visual + motor | aBUi | Omoto et al., 2017; Shiozaki and Kazama, 2017 |
| ER3p_a | Visual, large contralateral receptive fields? | Contralateral visual + motor | pBUi | Omoto et al., 2017; Shiozaki and Kazama, 2017 |
| ER3p_b | pBUi | |||
| ER3w | Assumed ipsilateral visual based on anatomy | Ipsilateral visual + pol | BUs | Shiozaki and Kazama, 2017 |
| ER4d | Visual with small (~45°) ipsilateral receptive fields | Ipsilateral visual + pol | BUs | Omoto et al., 2017; Seelig and Jayaraman, 2013; Sun et al., 2017 |
| ER4m | Polarized light tuning | Ipsilateral visual + pol | BUa | Hardcastle et al., 2020 |
| ER5 | Sleep homeostasis | Sleep | BUs (sleep) | Donlea et al., 2018; Liu et al., 2016 |
| ER6 | ? | - | BU + LAL + CRE |