Table 1.

The efficacy of cisplatin combined with several anticancer drugs, the cisplatin dose, metabolic mechanisms, and the outcome reported in recent studies.

Model	Drugs and Dose	Cancer Type	Mechanisms	Outcome	Ref
In vitro (A549) and In vivo mouse model	Cisplatin prodrug (20 mg) and Paclitaxel as co-loaded nanoparticles	Lung Cancer (NSCLC)	Low pH and glutathione-responsive cisplatin prodrug produced sustained slow drug release, reduction of drug concentration in blood, low ALT, SCr, and WBC	Remarkable anti-tumour effects in vivo with synergistic tumour cell inhibition with low systemic cytotoxicity	[99]
SiHa (BALB/c) Xenograft mouse	Cisplatin prodrug 4 mg/kg and paclitaxel combined therapy as co-loaded nano – particles	Cervical Cancer	Active and passive targeting of TMTP1 (a tumour homing peptide) and enhanced permeability and retention effect	Prolonged blood circulation, reduced toxicity, less side effects, increased accumulation in the tumours with antitumour effects	[100]
Human ovarian cancer cell lines A2780, SKOV3, CAOV3, and OVCAR5	Combined therapy by AMLSD with Stock concentration of cisplatin was 5mM in ddH2O	Ovarian Cancer	Inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation (tyrosine 705) and the expression of its downstream targets c-MYC, CyclinD1, Survivin, and cleaved caspase-3	LLL12B small molecule inhibitor produced decreased cell viability, proliferation, and migration	[101]
Human ovarian cancer cell lines, A 2780, and Ovcar-3	Cisplatin and Olaparib in combined therapy in concentrations set to 0.0625x, 0.125x, 0.25x, 0.5x, 1.0x and 2.0x IC50	Ovarian Cancer	Inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis	Synergistic anticancer effect was observed	[102]
A549 and MRC5 lung cancer cell lines	Cisplatin 0.05 % w/w and Gemcitabine in noisome - entrapped aerosol formulation	Lung Cancer	Physical characteristics of the formulation, drug uptake, release, stability of carrier, entrapment efficiency was evaluated	Reduced cytotoxicity and cell growth inhibition was observed	[103]