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. 2022 Aug 24;6(3):26. doi: 10.3390/epigenomes6030026

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Transcription-coupled DNA damage and mutation rates. Unwound DNA structures during transcription are susceptible to environmental stress, creating transcription-coupled damage (TCD). TCDs in genes with a normal transcription level are repaired through transcription-coupled repair mechanisms, while some TCDs in highly transcribed genes or inactive are not repaired, increasing their mutation rates [109].