Table 2.
Summary of alterations in peripheral blood CD8+ T cell subsets from acute and convalescent COVID-19 patients.
| CD8+ T Cell Subset | Patients with Acute COVID-19 | Convalescent COVID-19 Patients |
|---|---|---|
| Maturation: | ||
| % | ↑ CM and TEMRA | ↑ Naïve and CM; ↓ TEMRA |
| # | ↓ Naïve, EM and TEMRA | ↑ Naïve and CM; ↓ EM and TEMRA |
| CD57 expression, % | ↑ Naïve, CM and EM | ↑ Naïve, CM and EM |
| Chemokine receptors,: | ||
| CXCR5, % | ↑ Naïve, CM and EM; ↓ TEMRA | ↑ Naïve and CM |
| CXCR3, % | ↓ Naïve, CM, EM and TEMRA | ↓ Naïve, CM, EM and TEMRA |
| CCR6, % | ↓ CM and EM | ↑ Naïve and TEMRA |
| CCR4, % | ↓ Naïve, CM, EM and TEMRA | ↓ Naïve, CM, EM and TEMRA |
| ‘Polarized’ subsets: | ||
| Tc1, % | ↓ Naïve, CM, EM and TEMRA | ↓ Naïve, CM, EM and TEMRA |
| Tc2, % | ↑ Naïve, CM, EM and TEMRA | ↑ Naïve, CM, EM and TEMRA |
| Tc17, % | ↑ Naïve, CM, EM and TEMRA | ↑ Naïve, CM, EM and TEMRA |
| Tc17.1, % | ↓ CM, EM and TEMRA | ↑ Naïve and TEMRA |
Note: ↑ and ↓—significant increase and significant decrease in CD8+ T cell subsets, respectively, in patients with acute COVID-19 or convalescent COVID-19 patients vs. healthy control group; % and #—relative and absolute numbers of CD8+ T cell subsets, respectively.