Biomass to hydrogen
https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen‐production‐microbial‐biomass‐conversion
This U.S. Department of Energy site focuses on the use of microbial fuel cells to convert biomass to hydrogen as a source of chemical energy.
Microbial fuel cells
https://bioresourcesbioprocessing.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40643‐021‐00365‐7
This is a review article on converting biomass using microbial fuel cells.
Lignocellulose to platform chemicals
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/08/200827141331.htm
This page describes a process whereby cellulose is broken down by fungi and the sugars converted to lactic acid. Lactic acid, in turn, serves as the microbial feedstock for the production of other commodity chemicals.
Best chemicals to make using biomass
https://acee.princeton.edu/acee‐news/study‐ranks‐best‐chemicals‐to‐make‐using‐biomass/
A critical issue in biorefining is to determine the best targets chemicals to make microbiologically. One criteria examined is the savings in greenhouse gas emissions by making a given chemical biologically in comparison with a fossil‐fuel derivation.
Global biorefinery 2022
https://task42.ieabioenergy.com/publications/global‐biorefinery‐status‐report‐2022/
This site provides a comprehensive resource regarding biorefineries: How many exist, the types, which feedstocks they use, and what products are generated.
Bioindustrial manufacturing
https://www.biomade.org
BioMADE is a relatively new centre with a mission to promote U.S. bioindustrial manufacturing at a competitive scale. Most projects are based on microbial biotechnology research which is then scaled for practical use.
Biomass distribution on earth
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1711842115
This broad‐based review article examines the biomass composition of earth with respect to taxonomy, geographic location and trophic levels.
Catabolism of lignin aromatics
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1921073117
The ability to use lignin as a source of carbon in manufacturing would be highly significant. The present study used Pseudomonas putida as a platform for synthetic biology, building on natural abilities to metabolize lignin aromatics.
Lignin‐based industries
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1096717621001828
This review article comprehensively examines developments in the microbiological conversion of lignin, which it describes as ‘the world's most underutilized renewable’.
Cellulosic biomass to fuels
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2022/ee/d1ee02540f
It is considered here that both microbiological and hybrid biological/catalytic processes for lignocellulose conversion may ultimately prove to be economical.
Processive cellulase
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acscatal.1c03465
Cellulase reacts processively along a cellulose polymer and also acts as part of a multi‐enzyme complex to efficiently deconstruct the biopolymer.