TABLE 3.
Surveillance Protocol for Patients with VHL
| Starting Age | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 y | 11 y | 15 y or Older | 65 y or Older | |
| Consultation with VHL specialist/case manager (PE, including BP) | Annual | Annual | Annual | Annual |
| Lab: Creatinine (nor)metanephrines | Annual | Annual | Annual | If indicated |
| Ophthalmic examination | Annuala | Annual | Annual | Annual |
| MRI of cerebellum/myelum | — | Biannual | Biannual | If indicated |
| Audiogram | — | Biannual | Biannual | If indicated |
| MRI of abdomen (possibly alternating with ultrasound) | — | — | Biannual | If indicated |
Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PE, physical examination; VHL, von Hippel–Lindau (VHL).
In the case of an occurrence of a manifestation, the protocol will deviate to the specific tumor protocol.
a
An ophthalmic examination should be performed at the latest at the age of 5 years. If it is indicated, it should be performed from the age of 1 year.