Abstract
Background
Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) use can lead to early detection of periprocedural complications and may improve patient outcomes by providing real‐time visualization of catheter location and the treatment area during cardiac ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF).
Objective
Examine complications and 12‐month healthcare use among patients with AF undergoing CA with versus without ICE use during the procedure in a real‐world setting.
Methods
The 2015–2020 IBM MarketScan® Database was used to identify non‐elderly adults (age 18–64 years) undergoing CA for AF. Patients were classified into ICE/non‐ICE groups based on the presence or absence of ICE procedure codes. Patients in each group were matched on study covariates using propensity scores. Peri‐procedural complications, 12‐month cardiovascular (CV) or AF‐related inpatient admission, repeat CA, and cardioversion were compared using a Cox proportional hazard model.
Results
1371 patients were identified in each study cohort (ICE and non‐ICE) after propensity matching. Patients who had CA with ICE had a significantly lower rate of complications than those without (2.9% vs. 5.8%; p < .001). The risk of complications was 50% lower with ICE use (hazard ratio [HR] 0.50; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.34–0.72). For assessment of 12‐month healthcare utilization, 1250 patients were identified in each cohort after propensity matching. ICE use was associated with a 36% lower risk of 12‐month repeat ablation (HR 0.64; 95% CI 0.49–0.83). No differences in CV‐ or AF‐related inpatient admission and cardioversion were observed.
Conclusion
Among patients with AF, the use of ICE during an ablation procedure was associated with lower incidence of complications and repeat ablation.
Keywords: acute ischemic stroke, atrial fibrillation, catheter ablation, intracardiac echocardiography
Abbreviations
- AAD
antiarrhythmic drug
- AF
atrial fibrillation
- CA
catheter ablation
- CDHP
consumer directed health plan
- CHADS2VASc
stands for congestive heart failure, hypertension, age≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke or transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65 to 74 years, sex category
- CI
confidence interval
- CV
cardiovascular
- EPO
exclusive provider organization
- HDHP
high deductible health plan
- HMO
health maintenance organization
- HR
hazard ratio
- ICE
intracardiac echocardiography
- IRB
Institutional Review Board
- POS
point of service
- PPO
preferred provider organization
- SMD
standardized mean difference
- US
United States
1. INTRODUCTION
The incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) continues to rise as the overall population ages. 1 By the middle of the century, the number of individuals with AF is expected to reach 14 million in Europe, 2 and as high as 16 million in the United States (US). 3 The burden of AF in the Asia‐Pacific region is projected to be particularly high with an estimated 72 million patients by 2050. 4 Timely management and treatment of patients with AF using safe and effective approaches are critical in alleviating the associated burden of disease.
Recommended treatments for AF include antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs), and, for those who are refractory or intolerant to AADs, catheter ablation (CA). 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 Studies have shown that CA may reduce long‐term AF recurrence and can be associated with clinically meaningful improvement in symptoms and quality of life. 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) provides high‐resolution real‐time visualization of cardiac structures, continuous monitoring of catheter location, and early recognition of procedural complications, such as pericardial effusion, thrombus formation, or cardiac perforation during CA. 15 , 16 Studies have previously suggested that CA outcomes may be further improved with the use of ICE. 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 In one such report, patients with AF who underwent an ablation procedure without ICE had five times higher risk of cardiac perforation compared to those who had the procedure with ICE. 16
Though studies have demonstrated the incremental safety benefit associated with ICE use, a comprehensive assessment of both long‐term (12‐month) outcomes and safety end points in a large real‐world sample of patients are lacking. To address this gap in the literature, we performed analysis of a nationally representative administrative claims database to evaluate differences in complications and 12‐month AF‐related healthcare use among AF patients undergoing CA with versus without ICE in a contemporary cohort.
2. METHODS
2.1. Data source
The 2015–2020 IBM MarketScan® Commercial Database, 26 which is a nationally representative medical and prescription drug insurance claims database for more than 138 million people with primary coverage through privately insured health plans in the US, was used for study purposes. The database includes information on inpatient admissions, outpatient services, prescription drugs, enrollment, and costs associated with healthcare services. The New England Institutional Review Board (IRB) determined that studies conducted in IBM MarketScan® are exempt from study‐specific IRB review as these studies do not involve active human subject participation.
2.2. Study population
Patients aged 18–64 years old undergoing CA for AF treatment were identified, with first such procedure considered as index procedure. Patients were required to be continuously enrolled for 12 months before the index procedure. Patients were excluded if, in the 12‐month pre‐index period, they had a CA procedure with a primary or secondary diagnosis of AF, had surgical ablation, left atrial appendage occlusion, valvular procedure, or atrioventricular node ablation.
2.3. Study variables
The main independent variable of interest was the use of ICE during CA procedure defined by the presence or absence of ICE procedure codes during index ablation admission. Other study covariates included: age; sex; Elixhauser comorbidity score 28 ; CHA₂DS₂‐VASc score 29 ; sleep apnea; AAD use (amiodarone, dofetilide, flecainide, propafenone, ibutilide, sotalol, dronedarone, quinidine, and disopyramide); anticoagulant use (warfarin, dabigatran, apixaban, rivaroxaban, edoxaban, betrixaban); geographic region (Northeast, North Central, South, West, and Unknown); insurance plan type (basic or comprehensive plan, consumer‐directed health plan/high deductible health plan, exclusive provider organization/health maintenance organization, point of service plan, preferred provider plan, or unknown insurance type); and procedure year (2016–2020).
2.4. Study outcomes
Complications (assessed among patients with index ablation between 2016 and 2020), including acute coronary syndrome, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, thromboembolism, transient ischemic attack, phrenic nerve damage, pericarditis, bleeding, vascular access complications, blood transfusion, laryngospasm, mandibular joint dislocation, vagal nerve injury, were assessed within 7 days post‐discharge. Cardiac perforation was assessed within 30 days and atrioesophageal fistula and severe pulmonary vein stenosis within 90 days. A composite of all complications was also included. Appendix B lists the codes used to assess complications.
Healthcare utilization was assessed within 1 year of CA (among patients with index ablation between 2016 and 2019 [to allow 12‐month follow‐up]). Utilization was assessed in the full 12 months after CA and also in the 4–12 months after CA following a standardized 90‐day “blanking period” to avoid capturing early recurrences per Heart Rhythm Society guidelines. 6 Healthcare utilization outcomes included: AF‐related readmission, cardiovascular (CV)‐related readmission, repeat CA, or electrical cardioversion. Appendix A lists the codes considered for study attrition and outcomes.
2.5. Statistical analysis
Bivariate tests comparing the ICE and non‐ICE groups on study variables were performed using Chi‐square tests of independence for categorical variables and analysis of variance tests for continuous variables. Patients who underwent CA with versus without ICE were matched on study covariates using propensity scores. Multivariable logistic regression was used to fit the propensity score model. Balance of study covariates was assessed using standardized mean difference (SMD). Time‐to‐event analyses were used, with patients right‐censored if they died, were lost to follow‐up (defined as gap of >30 days in enrollment), or reached the end of follow‐up time without an outcome of interest. Hazard ratios (HRs) from Cox regression models were used to assess the relationship between ICE use and study outcomes.
The threshold for statistical significance was a p‐value < .05. We performed multiplicity adjustment by controlling for the false discovery rate using the Benjamini–Hochberg (BH) procedure. All analyses were conducted using R for Windows, version 4.0.2. 30
3. RESULTS
3.1. Complications
A total of 19 368 patients met the criteria for the assessment of complications, with 17 997 (92.9%) in the ICE group and 1371 (7.1%) in the non‐ICE group. Supporting Information: Table S1 shows the study population attrition for the cohort. Table 1 lists the patient baseline characteristics for the ICE and non‐ICE groups before and after propensity score matching. Around a third of patients in both groups (pre‐ and post‐matching) were aged 61 years and above, and approximately 26% were female. Before matching, a significantly higher proportion of patients in the ICE cohort had sleep apnea as compared to those in the non‐ICE cohort (41.5% vs. 35.7%, p < .001, SMD = 0.120); however, after matching, no significant difference was observed (35.7% vs. 36.0%, p = .905, SMD = 0.006). A significantly higher proportion of patients in the ICE cohort had prior AAD (64.9% vs. 51.0%, p < .001, SMD = 0.277) and anti‐coagulant use (77.7% vs. 66.6%, p < .001, SMD = 0.235) in the pre‐match cohort. After matching, no significant differences were observed among the ICE and non‐ICE cohorts on prior AAD (51.0% vs. 50.8%, p = .939, SMD = −0.004) and anti‐coagulant use (66.6% vs. 68.5%, p = .308, SMD = 0.040). Overall, no significant differences on study covariates were observed among the ICE and non‐ICE cohort after propensity matching.
Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of atrial fibrillation patients pre‐and post‐matching in the complications cohort
| Pre‐match | Post‐match (1:1) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICE, N = 17 997 | No ICE, N = 1371 | p value | SMD | ICE, N = 1371 | No ICE, N = 1371 | p value | SMD | |
| Age | .032 | .973 | ||||||
| 18–54 | 5767 (32.0) | 449 (32.7) | .015 | 449 (32.7) | 449 (32.7) | .000 | ||
| 55–60 | 6612 (36.7) | 458 (33.4) | .071 | 458 (33.4) | 453 (33.0) | −.008 | ||
| 61+ | 5618 (31.2) | 464 (33.8) | .056 | 464 (33.8) | 469 (34.2) | .008 | ||
| Female | 4811 (26.7) | 358 (26.1) | .639 | .014 | 358 (26.1) | 329 (24.0) | .217 | −.048 |
| Elixhauser Score 4+ | 9767 (54.3) | 719 (52.4) | .200 | .037 | 719 (52.4) | 723 (52.7) | .909 | .006 |
| CHADS2VASc score 2+ | 9461 (52.6) | 726 (53.0) | .805 | .008 | 726 (53.0) | 739 (53.9) | .646 | .019 |
| Sleep apnea | 7464 (41.5) | 490 (35.7) | <.001 | .120 | 490 (35.7) | 494 (36.0) | .905 | .006 |
| AAD use | 11 672 (64.9) | 699 (51.0) | <.001 | .277 | 699 (51.0) | 696 (50.8) | .939 | −.004 |
| Anticoagulant use | 13 979 (77.7) | 913 (66.6) | <.001 | .235 | 913 (66.6) | 939 (68.5) | .308 | .040 |
| Region | <.001 | .827 | ||||||
| Northeast | 2750 (15.3) | 408 (29.8) | 408 (29.8) | 403 (29.4) | −.008 | |||
| North Central | 4002 (22.2) | 153 (11.2) | .352 | 153 (11.2) | 139 (10.1) | −.032 | ||
| South | 8736 (48.5) | 575 (41.9) | .134 | 575 (41.9) | 593 (43.3) | .027 | ||
| West | 2482 (13.8) | 230 (16.8) | .080 | 230 (16.8) | 233 (17.0) | .006 | ||
| Unknown | 27 (0.2) | 5 (0.4) | .036 | 5 (0.4) | 3 (0.2) | −.024 | ||
| Insurance | .033 | .226 | ||||||
| Basic or comprehensive | 616 (3.4) | 52 (3.8) | .019 | 52 (3.8) | 39 (2.8) | −.050 | ||
| CDHP/HDHP | 3766 (20.9) | 261 (19.0) | .048 | 261 (19.0) | 270 (19.7) | .017 | ||
| EPO/HMO | 1974 (11.0) | 178 (13.0) | .060 | 178 (13.0) | 162 (11.8) | −.035 | ||
| POS | 1272 (7.1) | 114 (8.3) | .045 | 114 (8.3) | 101 (7.4) | −.034 | ||
| PPO | 10 047 (55.8) | 748 (54.6) | .025 | 748 (54.6) | 789 (57.5) | .060 | ||
| Unknown | 322 (1.8) | 18 (1.3) | .042 | 18 (1.3) | 10 (0.7) | −.051 | ||
| Year | <.001 | .579 | ||||||
| 2016 | 3913 (21.7) | 416 (30.3) | .187 | 416 (30.3) | 410 (29.9) | −.010 | ||
| 2017 | 3799 (21.1) | 318 (23.2) | .049 | 318 (23.2) | 343 (25.0) | .043 | ||
| 2018 | 3956 (22.0) | 278 (20.3) | .042 | 278 (20.3) | 274 (20.0) | −.007 | ||
| 2019 | 3609 (20.1) | 238 (17.4) | .071 | 238 (17.4) | 243 (17.7) | .010 | ||
Note: Data are n (%).
Abbreviations: AAD, antiarrhythmic drug use; CDHP, consumer‐directed health plan; CHADS2VASc, stands for congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke or transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65–74 years, sex category; EPO, exclusive provider organization; HDHP, high deductible health plan; HMO, health maintenance organization; ICE, intracardiac echocardiography; POS, point of service; PPO, preferred provider organization; SMD, standardized mean difference.
Patients who underwent CA with ICE were less likely to experience acute coronary syndrome in the 7‐day period after the procedure compared to those who had CA without ICE (0.7% vs. 2.8%, p < .001). The two groups did not differ significantly for any other complication. Overall, patients who had CA with ICE had a significantly lower rate of composite complication compared to those who had CA without ICE (2.9% vs. 5.8%, p < .001). Results from regression analysis showed that ICE patients had a 50% lower risk of composite complication end point compared to non‐ICE patients (HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.34–0.72, log‐rank p < .001). Table 2 lists the complication results for both groups.
Table 2.
Complications among atrial fibrillation patients in the 90 days after catheter ablation by intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) use
| ICE, N = 1371 | No ICE, N = 1371 | p value | BH adjusted critical valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Composite complication | 40 (2.9) | 80 (5.8) | <.001b | .011 |
| Complications within 7 days | ||||
| Acute coronary syndrome | 10 (0.7) | 38 (1.8) | <.001b | .024 |
| Ischemic stroke | 7 (0.5) | 4 (0.3) | .548 | .094 |
| Hemorrhagic stroke | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 1.000 | .118 |
| Thromboembolism | 4 (0.3) | 10 (0.7) | .178 | .035 |
| Transient ischemic stroke | 3 (0.2) | 4 (0.3) | 1.000 | .129 |
| Phrenic nerve damage | 2 (0.2) | 5 (0.4) | .453 | .071 |
| Pericarditis | 4 (0.3) | 6 (0.4) | .754 | .106 |
| Bleeding | 9 (0.7) | 6 (0.4) | .437b | .059 |
| Vascular access complications | 2 (0.2) | 0 (0) | .500 | .082 |
| Blood transfusion | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 1.000 | .141 |
| Laryngospasm | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | n/a | n/a |
| Mandibular joint dislocation | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | n/a | n/a |
| Vagal nerve injury | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | n/a | n/a |
| Complications within 30 days | ||||
| Cardiac perforation | 4 (0.3) | 9 (0.7) | .266 | .047 |
| Complications within 90 days | ||||
| Atrioesophageal fistula | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 1.000 | .153 |
| Severe pulmonary vein stenosis | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | n/a | n/a |
Note: Data are n (%).
Abbreviations: BH, Benjamini–Hochberg; CI, confidence interval.
Benjamini–Hochberg adjusted critical value after correction for multiple comparisons (total number of tests considered for adjustment = 17; false discovery rate of 20%). After BH adjustment, the largest p value which was lower than the BH adjusted critical value was identified. We then designated every p value smaller than this p value as significant. The adjusted values that are bolded represent significant results.
Chi‐square was used for statistical significance testing; for all other outcomes with cell sizes less than 5, Fisher's exact test was used.
3.2. AF‐related healthcare utilization
A total of 16 524 patients met the criteria for the assessment of 12‐month healthcare utilization, with 15 274 (92.4%) in the ICE group and 1250 (7.6%) in the non‐ICE group. Table S2 shows the study population attrition for this cohort. Table 3 lists the patient baseline characteristics for both groups before and after propensity score matching. In the pre‐match cohort, significant differences were observed among the ICE and non‐ICE cohorts on sleep apnea, AAD use, anti‐coagulant use, region, and year of procedure. However, after matching, no significant differences were observed among the ICE and non‐ICE cohort on any study covariate.
Table 3.
Baseline characteristics of atrial fibrillation patients pre‐and post‐matching in the 12‐month healthcare utilization cohort
| Pre‐match | Post‐match (1:1) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICE, N = 15 274 | No ICE, N = 1250 | p value | SMD | ICE, N = 1250 | No ICE, N = 1250 | p value | SMD | |
| Age | .085 | .716 | ||||||
| 18–54 | 4933 (32.3) | 406 (32.5) | −.004 | 393 (31.4) | 406 (32.5) | −.022 | ||
| 55–60 | 5629 (36.9) | 426 (34.1) | .059 | 445 (35.6) | 426 (34.1) | .032 | ||
| 61+ | 4712 (30.8) | 418 (33.4) | −.055 | 412 (33.0) | 418 (33.4) | −.010 | ||
| Female | 4072 (26.7) | 325 (26.0) | .635 | .015 | 303 (24.2) | 325 (26.0) | .333 | −.040 |
| Elixhauser Score 4+ | 8215 (53.8) | 652 (52.2) | .281 | .033 | 658 (52.6) | 652 (52.2) | .841 | .010 |
| CHADS2VASc Score 2+ | 7989 (52.3) | 660 (52.8) | .758 | −.010 | 673 (53.8) | 660 (52.8) | .630 | .021 |
| Sleep apnea | 6281 (41.1) | 448 (35.8) | <.001 | .110 | 448 (35.8) | 448 (35.8) | 1.000 | .000 |
| AAD use | 9985 (65.4) | 644 (51.5) | <.001 | .277 | 633 (50.6) | 644 (51.5) | .689 | −.018 |
| Anticoagulant use | 11 749 (76.9) | 832 (66.6) | <.001 | .220 | 861 (68.9) | 832 (66.6) | .231 | .049 |
| Region | <.001 | .746 | ||||||
| Northeast | 2402 (15.7) | 375 (30.0) | −.311 | 384 (30.7) | 375 (30.0) | .016 | ||
| North Central | 3405 (22.3) | 142 (11.4) | .345 | 136 (10.9) | 142 (11.4) | −.015 | ||
| South | 7305 (47.8) | 527 (42.2) | .115 | 538 (43.0) | 527 (42.2) | .018 | ||
| West | 2139 (14.0) | 201 (16.1) | −.057 | 190 (15.2) | 201 (16.1) | −.024 | ||
| Unknown | 23 (0.2) | 5 (0.4) | −.040 | 2 (0.2) | 5 (0.4) | −.038 | ||
| Insurance | .216 | .430 | ||||||
| Basic or comprehensive | 527 (3.5) | 46 (3.7) | −.012 | 33 (2.6) | 46 (3.7) | −.055 | ||
| CDHP/HDHP | 3119 (20.4) | 248 (19.8) | .015 | 251 (20.1) | 248 (19.8) | .006 | ||
| EPO/HMO | 1641 (10.7) | 150 (12.0) | −.039 | 143 (11.4) | 150 (12.0) | −.017 | ||
| POS | 1072 (7.0) | 104 (8.3) | −.047 | 114 (9.1) | 104 (8.3) | .029 | ||
| PPO | 8643 (56.6) | 686 (54.9) | .034 | 700 (56.0) | 686 (54.9) | .023 | ||
| Unknown | 272 (1.8) | 16 (1.3) | .045 | 16 (1.3) | 9 (0.7) | −.050 | ||
| Year | <.001 | .950 | ||||||
| 2016 | 3913 (25.6) | 416 (33.3) | −.163 | 424 (33.9) | 416 (33.3) | .014 | ||
| 2017 | 3799 (24.9) | 318 (25.4) | −.013 | 318 (25.4) | 318 (25.4) | .000 | ||
| 2018 | 3956 (25.9) | 278 (22.2) | .088 | 281 (22.5) | 278 (22.2) | .006 | ||
| 2019 | 3606 (23.6) | 238 (19.0) | .116 | 227 (18.2) | 238 (19.0) | −.022 | ||
Note: Data are n (%).
Abbreviations: AAD, antiarrhythmic drug use; CDHP, consumer‐directed health plan; CHADS2VASc, stands for congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke or transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65–74 years, sex category; EPO, exclusive provider organization; HDHP, high deductible health plan; HMO, health maintenance organization; ICE, intracardiac echocardiography; POS, point of service; PPO, preferred provider organization; SMD, standardized mean difference.
Patients in the ICE and non‐ICE groups did not differ in rates of 12‐month inpatient admissions (0–12 months CV‐related inpatient admission rate: 9.4% vs. 10.5%, log‐rank p = .394; 0–12 months AF‐related inpatient admission rate: 4.9% vs. 6.0%, log‐rank p = .240). However, patients who had CA with ICE had a significantly lower rate of repeat ablation in the 12‐month postprocedure period compared to those who had CA without ICE (7.4% vs. 11.5%, log‐rank p = .001). No differences were observed in the rate of electrical cardioversion (10.1% vs. 8.7%, log‐rank p = .160). For all healthcare utilization outcomes, no differences were observed among the ICE and non‐ICE patients in the postblanking 4‐ to 12‐month period. Table 4 lists the results for the 0–12 and 4–12 months healthcare utilization outcomes for the ICE and non‐ICE groups.
Table 4.
Healthcare utilization outcomes among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients 0–12 and 4–12 months after catheter ablation by intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) use
| ICE, N = 1250 | No ICE, N = 1250 | Hazard ratio | 95% CI | p value (log‐rank) | BH adjusted critical valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–12 months (no “blanking” period) | ||||||
| CV‐related readmission | 117 (9.4) | 113 (10.5) | 0.90 | 0.70–1.15 | .394 | .100 |
| AF‐related readmission | 61 (4.9) | 75 (6.0) | 0.82 | 0.58–1.15 | .240 | .075 |
| Repeat catheter ablation | 93 (7.4) | 144 (11.5) | 0.64 | 0.49–0.83 | <.001 | .025 |
| Electrical cardioversion | 126 (10.1) | 109 (8.7) | 1.20 | 0.93–1.55 | .160 | .050 |
| 4–12 months (with “blanking” period) | ||||||
| CV‐related readmission | 61 (4.9%) | 64 (5.1) | 0.98 | 0.69–1.39 | .905 | .200 |
| AF‐related readmission | 32 (2.6) | 31 (2.5) | 1.06 | 0.65–1.74 | .812 | .150 |
| Repeat catheter ablation | 66 (5.3) | 71 (5.7) | 0.96 | 0.69–1.34 | .812 | .175 |
| Electrical cardioversion | 46 (3.7) | 43 (3.4) | 1.11 | 0.73–1.68 | .624 | .125 |
Note: Data are n (%).
Abbreviations: BH, Benjamini–Hochberg; CI, confidence interval; CV, cardiovascular.
Benjamini–Hochberg adjusted critical value after correction for multiple comparisons (total number of tests considered for adjustment = 8; false discovery rate of 20%). After BH adjustment, the largest p value which was lower than the BH adjusted critical value was identified. We then designated every p value smaller than this p value as significant. The adjusted values that are bolded represent significant results.
Results from regression analysis revealed no significant differences in 0–12 months or postblanking 4–12 months CV‐ and AF‐related inpatient admissions and electrical cardioversion among the two study groups. Patients who had CA with ICE had a 36% lower risk of 12‐month repeat ablation compared to those who had CA without ICE (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.49–0.83). The two groups did not differ significantly in the rate of repeat ablation for the postblanking 4‐ to 12‐month period (Table 4).
4. DISCUSSION
In this real‐world study of non‐elderly adult patients with AF, those who underwent an ablation procedure with ICE were 50% less likely to have complication compared to patients who underwent ablation without ICE. Further, patients who underwent CA with ICE had a 36% lower risk of repeat CA in the 12‐month postablation period compared to those who had CA without ICE. Other healthcare utilization outcomes, including inpatient admissions and electrical cardioversion, were not significantly different among the ICE and non‐ICE groups.
Several studies have documented the potential for ICE use to reduce ablation‐related complications by allowing for visualization of the treatment area and early detection of periprocedural complications. 16 , 17 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 In their analysis of a US hospital discharge database, Isath et al. observed a 28% lower risk of mortality and a 52% lower risk of procedural complications among patients undergoing AF ablation with versus without ICE use, 17 which aligns well with our results for overall complications.
Our finding that patients undergoing CA with ICE are at significantly lower risk for acute coronary syndrome is also notable. To better understand this difference, we examined the distribution of acute coronary syndrome diagnosis codes among the ICE and non‐ICE cohort. Among patients in the ICE cohort that had experienced acute coronary syndrome (n = 10), 40% (4/10) had the ICD‐10‐CM code I21.3 (representing “ST elevation MI [STEMI] of unspecified site”), 30% (3/10) had the code I21.4 (non‐ST elevation MI [NSTEMI]), and the remaining patients were identified based on diagnosis codes I20.0 (Unstable angina), I21.09 (ST elevation MI [STEMI] involving other coronary artery of anterior wall), I21.02 (ST elevation MI [STEMI] involving left anterior descending coronary artery), and I24.0 (acute coronary thrombosis not resulting in MI). Among the 38 patients in the non‐ICE cohort that experienced acute coronary syndrome, almost 45% (17/38) were identified based on diagnosis code I21.4 (non‐ST elevation MI [NSTEMI]), 18% (7/38) were identified based on diagnosis code I21.19 (ST elevation MI [STEMI] involving other coronary artery of inferior wall), 13% (5/38) were identified with code I20.0 (unstable angina), and the remaining were identified based on diagnosis codes I24.8 (other forms of acute ischemic heart disease), I21.29 (ST elevation MI [STEMI] involving other sites), I21.3 (ST elevation MI [STEMI] of unspecified site), I21.09 (ST elevation MI [STEMI] involving other coronary artery of anterior wall), I21.9 (acute MI [unspecified]), and I22.1 (subsequent STEMI inferior wall). Though rare, acute coronary syndrome represents a potential life‐threatening complication that could occur during CA due to injury to the vascular wall. Having tools such as ICE that allow target precision during ablation could alleviate the risk of coronary artery syndrome. The authors hypothesize such events as thromboembolism with resultant coronary thrombosis or alternatively inadvertent aortic puncture leading to thrombus formation and coronary event to be two complications that could be averted with appropriate visualization during CA. The fact that no significant differences were observed on any other specific complications of interest may partially reflect the inadequate power due to the limited sample size.
Differences in repeat ablation rates occurred with the inclusion of the blanking period suggesting potential differential in lesion quality in patients undergoing their CA with versus without ICE. To better understand this variation, we examined the difference in the rate of repeat ablation among the ICE and non‐ICE cohort during the blanking period (0–3 months). A significantly lower rate of repeat ablation was observed during the blanking period among patients in the ICE cohort as compared to those in the non‐ICE cohort (2.2% vs. 5.8%, p < .0001). No difference in AF‐related hospitalization rates (2.6% vs. 3.7%, p = .1073) or cardioversion (0.8% vs 0.2%, p = .0952) was seen during this time among patients in the ICE and non‐ICE cohort. These differences are likely indicative of more accurate visualization of catheter‐tissue contact with ICE use, especially in areas of complex anatomy to ensure optimal lesion creation, which potentially reduces reconduction once the edema subsides within the blanking period. As in the current study, a Medicare fee‐for‐service claims study of AF ablation by Steinberg et al. found that ICE use was associated with a lower risk of repeat ablation (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.37–0.92). 31 Though cost was not evaluated as an outcome in the current study, it is likely that improved effectiveness of CA associated with ICE use as observed in our study, may lead to lower healthcare costs for AF management among these patients as compared to those who undergo CA without ICE. Further studies are warranted to explore the potential economic benefits of the use of ICE during ablation procedures.
While ICE use for AF ablation has increased over time, evidence indicates that its adoption has been higher in the US and Canada compared to other countries. In a survey of 60 experts, 53% reported routinely using ICE; however, 87% of members from the United States and Canada indicated using ICE as compared to only 13% of those from other countries. 6 The reasons for such wide regional variation in adoption of ICE for ablation are not fully understood and may be due to some underlying economic factors. Our study, together with evidence from prior studies, suggests that patients undergoing an ablation procedure with ICE are likely to benefit from a safety and effectiveness perspective. Further, as healthcare dollars are limited, improved outcomes with ICE use are likely to translate into improved cost savings over the long term for patients, providers, and payers.
5. LIMITATIONS
This study has several limitations. Since we relied on administrative claims data, which are typically generated for insurance claim adjudication purposes, important procedural details including ablation strategy, use of mapping systems, type of ablation catheter used, and procedure or fluoroscopy time were missing and could not be studied. Another confounding factor that could influence outcomes among patients undergoing ablation is hospital or provider volume. As hospital or provider identifiers are not included in the database studied, we could not control for the effect of volume in our analyses. Further, healthcare utilization was used as a proxy for clinical AF recurrence. Given the database used does not include elderly individuals, we had to restrict the upper age for our sample to 64 years of age. As such, our results may not be generalizable to elderly patients or non‐elderly adult patients with non‐private insurance (government‐sponsored insurance or self‐pay). Given the use of claims data, coding errors, missing data, and reporting bias may also be present and could have influenced study results.
6. CONCLUSION
In our analysis of administrative claims data for non‐elderly adult patients with AF in the US, those who had an ablation procedure with ICE had significantly lower risk of having a complication and lower likelihood of needing a repeat ablation as compared to those who had the procedure without ICE. Our results suggest ICE use is associated with the significant clinical benefit of improved safety and effectiveness in AF ablation procedures. Further consideration should be given to the cost impact of these improved outcomes on overall AF management among patients undergoing ablation procedure.
Supporting information
Supplementary information.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The study was funded by Johnson & Johnson.
APPENDIX A. International Classification of Diseases, 9th and 10th revision (ICD‐9 and ICD‐10) codes and current procedural terminology (CPT) for independent variables, healthcare utilization outcomes, and inclusion/exclusion criteria
| Procedure | ICD‐9 | ICD‐10 | CPT |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) | B244YZZ, B244ZZZ, B245YZZ, B245ZZZ, B246YZZ, B246ZZZ, B24DYZZ, B24DZZZ | 93662 | |
| Healthcare utilization outcomes/inclusion criteria | |||
| Atrial fibrillation | I48.0, I48.1x, I48.2x, I48.91 | ||
| Catheter ablation | 02553ZZ, 02563ZZ, 02573ZZ, 02583ZZ, 025K3ZZ, 025L3ZZ, 025M3ZZ, 025S3ZZ, 025T3ZZ | 93651, 93656 | |
| Cardiovascular‐related readmission | I00.xx‐I99.xx | ||
| Electrical cardioversion | 5A2204Z, 5A12012 | 92960, 92961 | |
| Exclusion criteria | |||
| Valvular procedures | 35.00, 35.01, 35.02, 35.03, 35.04, 35.05, 35.06, 35.07, 35.08, 35.09, 35.10, 35.11, 35.12, 35.13, 35.14, 35.20, 35.21, 35.22, 35.23, 35.24, 35.25, 35.26, 35.27, 35.28, 35.31, 35.32, 35.33, 35.34, 35.35, 35.39, 35.41, 35.42, 35.50, 35.51, 35.52, 35.53, 35.54, 35.55, 35.60, 35.61, 35.62, 35.63, 35.70, 35.71, 35.72, 35.73, 35.81, 35.82, 35.83, 35.84, 35.91, 35.92, 35.93, 35.94, 35.95, 35.96, 35.97, 35.98, 35.99 | 021608P, 021608Q, 021608R, 021609P, 021609Q, 021609R, 02160AP, 02160AQ, 02160AR, 02160JP, 02160JQ, 02160JR, 02160KP, 02160KQ, 02160KR, 02160ZP, 02160ZQ, 02160ZR, 021648P, 021648Q, 021648R, 021649P, 021649Q, 021649R, 02164AP, 02164AQ, 02164AR, 02164JP, 02164JQ, 02164JR, 02164KP, 02164KQ, 02164KR, 02164ZP, 02164ZQ, 02164ZR, 021708P, 021708Q, 021708R, 021708S, 021708T, 021708U, 021709P, 021709Q, 021709R, 021709S, 021709T, 021709U, 02170AP, 02170AQ, 02170AR, 02170AS, 02170AT, 02170AU, 02170JP, 02170JQ, 02170JR, 02170JS, 02170JT, 02170JU, 02170KP, 02170KQ, 02170KR, 02170KS, 02170KT, 02170KU, 02170ZP, 02170ZQ, 02170ZR, 02170ZS, 02170ZT, 02170ZU, 021748P, 021748Q, 021748R, 021748S, 021748, 021748U, 021749P, 021749Q, 021749R, 021749S, 021749T, 021749U, 02174AP, 02174AQ, 02174AR, 02174AS, 02174AT, 02174AU, 02174JP, 02174JQ, 02174JR, 02174JS, 02174JT, 02174JU, 02174KP, 02174KQ, 02174KR, 02174KS, 02174KT, 02174KU, 02174ZP, 02174ZQ, 02174ZR, 02174ZS, 02174ZT, 02174ZU, 021K08P, 021K08Q, 021K08R, 021K09P, 021K09Q, 021K09R, 021K0AP, 021K0AQ, 021K0AR, 021K0JP, 021K0JQ, 021K0JR, 021K0KP, 021K0KQ, 021K0KR, 021K0ZP, 021K0ZQ, 021K0ZR, 021K48P, 021K48Q, 021K48R, 021K49P, 021K49Q, 021K49R, 021K4AP, 021K4AQ, 021K4AR, 021K4JP, 021K4JQ, 021K4JR, 021K4KP, 021K4KQ, 021K4KR, 021K4ZP, 021K4ZQ, 021K4ZR, 021L0ZW, 021L4ZW, 021V08S, 021V08T, 021V08U, 021V09S, 021V09T, 021V09U, 021V0AS, 021V0AT, 021V0AU, 021V0JS, 021V0JT, 021V0JU, 021V0KS, 021V0KT, 021V0KU, 021V0ZS, 021V0ZT, 021V0ZU, 021V48S, 021V48T, 021V48U, 021V49S, 021V49T, 021V49U, 021V4AS, 021V4AT, 021V4AU, 021V4JS, 021V4JT, 021V4JU, 021V4KS, 021V4KT, 021V4KU, 021V4ZS, 021V4ZT, 021V4ZU, 024F07J, 024F08J, 024F0JJ, 024F0KJ, 024G072, 024G082, 024G0J2, 024G0K2, 024J072, 024J082, 024J0J2, 024J0K2, 02590ZZ, 02593ZZ, 02594ZZ, 025D0ZZ, 025D3ZZ, 025D4ZZ, 027F04Z, 027F0DZ, 027F0ZZ, 027F34Z, 027F3DZ, 027F3ZZ, 027F44Z, 027F4DZ, 027F4ZZ, 027G04Z, 027G0DZ, 027G0ZZ, 027G34Z, 027G3DZ, 027G3ZZ, 027G44Z, 027G4DZ, 027G4ZZ, 027H04Z, 027H0DZ, 027H0ZZ, 027H34Z, 027H3DZ, 027H3ZZ, 027H44Z, 027H4DZ, 027H4ZZ, 027J04Z, 027J0DZ, 027J0ZZ, 027J34Z, 027J3DZ, 027J3ZZ, 027J44Z, 027J4DZ, 027J4ZZ, 02890ZZ, 02893ZZ, 02894ZZ, 028D0ZZ, 028D3ZZ, 028D4ZZ, 02B50ZZ, 02B53ZZ, 02B54ZZ, 02B90ZX, 02B90ZZ, 02B93ZX, 02B93ZZ, 02B94ZX, 02B94ZZ, 02BD0ZZ, 02BD3ZZ, 02BD4ZZ, 02BK0ZX, 02BK0ZZ, 02BK3ZX, 02BK3ZZ, 02BK4ZX, 02BK4ZZ, 02BL0ZX, 02BL0ZZ, 02BL3ZX, 02BL3ZZ, 02BL4ZX, 02BL4ZZ, 02C50ZZ, 02C53ZZ, 02C54ZZ, 02C90ZZ, 02C93ZZ, 02C94ZZ, 02CD0ZZ, 02CD3ZZ, 02CD4ZZ, 02CF0ZZ, 02CF3ZZ, 02CF4ZZ, 02CG0ZZ, 02CG3ZZ, 02CG4ZZ, 02CH0ZZ, 02CH3ZZ, 02CH4ZZ, 02CJ0ZZ, 02CJ3ZZ, 02CJ4ZZ, 02CM0ZZ, 02CM3ZZ, 02CM4ZZ, 02LH0CZ, 02LH0DZ, 02LH0ZZ, 02LH3CZ, 02LH3DZ, 02LH3ZZ, 02LH4CZ, 02LH4DZ, 02LH4ZZ, 02LR0ZT, 02LS0ZZ, 02LT0ZZ, 02N50ZZ, 02N53ZZ, 02N54ZZ, 02N94ZZ, 02ND0ZZ, 02ND3ZZ, 02ND4ZZ, 02NF0ZZ, 02NF3ZZ, 02NF4ZZ, 02NG0ZZ, 02NG3ZZ, 02NG4ZZ, 02NH0ZZ, 02NH3ZZ, 02NH4ZZ, 02NJ0ZZ, 02NJ3ZZ, 02NJ4ZZ, 02NK0ZZ, 02NK3ZZ, 02NK4ZZ, 02NL0ZZ, 02NL3ZZ, 02NL4ZZ, 02NM0ZZ, 02NM3ZZ, 02NM4ZZ, 02Q50ZZ, 02Q53ZZ, 02Q54ZZ, 02Q90ZZ, 02Q94ZZ, 02QA0ZZ, 02QA3ZZ, 02QA4ZZ, 02QB0ZZ, 02QB3ZZ, 02QB4ZZ, 02QC0ZZ, 02QC3ZZ, 02QC4ZZ, 02QD0ZZ, 02QD3ZZ, 02QD4ZZ, 02QF0ZJ, 02QF0ZZ, 02QF3ZJ, 02QF3ZZ, 02QF4ZJ, 02QF4ZZ, 02QG0ZE, 02QG0ZZ, 02QG3ZE, 02QG3ZZ, 02QG4ZE, 02QG4ZZ, 02QH0ZZ, 02QH3ZZ, 02QH4ZZ, 02QJ0ZG, 02QJ0ZZ, 02QJ3ZG, 02QJ3ZZ, 02QJ4ZG, 02QJ4ZZ, 02QM0ZZ, 02QM3ZZ, 02QM4ZZ, 02R50JZ, 02R907Z, 02R908Z, 02R947Z, 02R948Z, 02R94JZ, 02R94KZ, 02RD07Z, 02RD08Z, 02RD0JZ, 02RD0KZ, 02RD47Z, 02RD48Z, 02RD4JZ, 02RD4KZ, 02RF07Z, 02RF08Z, 02RF0JZ, 02RF0KZ, 02RF37H, 02RF37Z, 02RF38H, 02RF38Z, 02RF3JH, 02RF3JZ, 02RF3KH, 02RF3KZ, 02RF47Z, 02RF48Z, 02RF4JZ, 02RF4KZ, 02RG07Z, 02RG08Z, 02RG0JZ, 02RG0KZ, 02RG37H, 02RG37Z, 02RG38H, 02RG38Z, 02RG3JH, 02RG3JZ, 02RG3KH, 02RG3KZ, 02RG47Z, 02RG48Z, 02RG4JZ, 02RG4KZ, 02RH07Z, 02RH08Z, 02RH0JZ, 02RH0KZ, 02RH37H, 02RH37Z, 02RH38H, 02RH38Z, 02RH3JH, 02RH3JZ, 02RH3KH, 02RH3KZ, 02RH47Z, 02RH48Z, 02RH4JZ, 02RH4KZ, 02RJ07Z, 02RJ08Z, 02RJ0JZ, 02RJ0KZ, 02RJ37H, 02RJ37Z, 02RJ38H, 02RJ38Z, 02RJ3JH, 02RJ3JZ, 02RJ3KH, 02RJ3KZ, 02RJ47Z, 02RJ48Z, 02RJ4JZ, 02RJ4KZ, 02RK07Z, 02RK0KZ, 02RK47Z, 02RK4KZ, 02RL07Z, 02RL0KZ, 02RL47Z, 02RL4KZ, 02RM07Z, 02RM0JZ, 02RM0KZ, 02RM47Z, 02RM4JZ, 02RM4KZ, 02RP0JZ, 02RQ07Z, 02RQ0JZ, 02RR07Z, 02RR0JZ, 02S00ZZ, 02S10ZZ, 02SP0ZZ, 02SW0ZZ, 02SX0ZZ, 02T50ZZ, 02T53ZZ, 02T54ZZ, 02T90ZZ, 02T93ZZ, 02T94ZZ, 02TD0ZZ, 02TD3ZZ, 02TD4ZZ, 02TH0ZZ, 02TH3ZZ, 02TH4ZZ, 02TM0ZZ, 02TM3ZZ, 02TM4ZZ, 02U507Z, 02U508Z, 02U50JZ, 02U50KZ, 02U537Z, 02U538Z, 02U53JZ, 02U53KZ, 02U547Z, 02U548Z, 02U54JZ, 02U54KZ, 02U607Z, 02U608Z, 02U60KZ, 02U707Z, 02U708Z, 02U70JZ, 02U70KZ, 02U737Z, 02U738Z, 02U73KZ, 02U747Z, 02U748Z, 02U74KZ, 02U907Z, 02U908Z, 02U90JZ, 02U90KZ, 02U937Z, 02U938Z, 02U93JZ, 02U93KZ, 02U947Z, 02U948Z, 02U94JZ, 02U94KZ, 02UD07Z, 02UD08Z, 02UD0JZ, 02UD0KZ, 02UD37Z, 02UD38Z, 02UD3JZ, 02UD3KZ, 02UD47Z, 02UD48Z, 02UD4JZ, 02UD4KZ, 02UF07J, 02UF07Z, 02UF08J, 02UF08Z, 02UF0JJ, 02UF0JZ, 02UF0KJ, 02UF0KZ, 02UF37J, 02UF37Z, 02UF38J, 02UF38Z, 02UF3JJ, 02UF3JZ, 02UF3KJ, 02UF3KZ, 02UF47J, 02UF47Z, 02UF48J, 02UF48Z, 02UF4JJ, 02UF4JZ, 02UF4KJ, 02UF4KZ, 02UG07E, 02UG07Z, 02UG08E, 02UG08Z, 02UG0JE, 02UG0JZ, 02UG0KE, 02UG0KZ, 02UG37E, 02UG37Z, 02UG38E, 02UG38Z, 02UG3JE, 02UG3JZ, 02UG3KE, 02UG3KZ, 02UG47E, 02UG47Z, 02UG48E, 02UG48Z, 02UG4JE, 02UG4JZ, 02UG4KE, 02UG4KZ, 02UH07Z, 02UH08Z, 02UH0JZ, 02UH0KZ, 02UH37Z, 02UH38Z, 02UH3JZ, 02UH3KZ, 02UH47Z, 02UH48Z, 02UH4JZ, 02UH4KZ, 02UJ07G, 02UJ07Z, 02UJ08G, 02UJ08Z, 02UJ0JG, 02UJ0JZ, 02UJ0KG, 02UJ0KZ, 02UJ37G, 02UJ37Z, 02UJ38G, 02UJ38Z, 02UJ3JG, 02UJ3JZ, 02UJ3KG, 02UJ3KZ, 02UJ47G, 02UJ47Z, 02UJ48G, 02UJ48Z, 02UJ4JG, 02UJ4JZ, 02UJ4KG, 02UJ4KZ, 02UK0KZ, 02UK3KZ, 02UK4KZ, 02UL0KZ, 02UL3KZ, 02UL4KZ, 02UM07Z, 02UM0JZ, 02UM0KZ, 02UM37Z, 02UM38Z, 02UM3JZ, 02UM3KZ, 02UM47Z, 02UM48Z, 02UM4JZ, 02UM4KZ, 02UP07Z, 02UP0JZ, 02UP0KZ, 02UP37Z, 02UP3JZ, 02UP3KZ, 02UP47Z, 02UP4JZ, 02UP4KZ, 02UQ07Z, 02UQ0JZ, 02UQ0KZ, 02UQ37Z, 02UQ3JZ, 02UQ3KZ, 02UQ47Z, 02UQ4JZ, 02UQ4KZ, 02UW07Z, 02VG0ZZ, 02VG3ZZ, 02VG4ZZ, 02VR0ZT, 02W50JZ, 02W54JZ, 02WF07Z, 02WF08Z, 02WF0JZ, 02WF0KZ, 02WF37Z, 02WF38Z, 02WF3JZ, 02WF3KZ, 02WF47Z, 02WF48Z, 02WF4JZ, 02WF4KZ, 02WG07Z, 02WG08Z, 02WG0JZ, 02WG0KZ, 02WG37Z, 02WG38Z, 02WG3JZ, 02WG3KZ, 02WG47Z, 02WG48Z, 02WG4JZ, 02WG4KZ, 02WH07Z, 02WH08Z, 02WH0JZ, 02WH0KZ, 02WH37Z, 02WH38Z, 02WH3JZ, 02WH3KZ, 02WH47Z, 02WH48Z, 02WH4JZ, 02WH4KZ, 02WJ07Z, 02WJ08Z, 02WJ0JZ, 02WJ0KZ, 02WJ37Z, 02WJ38Z, 02WJ3JZ, 02WJ3KZ, 02WJ47Z, 02WJ48Z, 02WJ4JZ, 02WJ4KZ, 02WM0JZ, 02WM4JZ, X2RF032, X2RF332, X2RF432 | 3361, 33362, 33363, 33364, 33365, 33366, 33367, 33368, 33369, 33400, 33401, 33403, 33405, 33406, 33410, 33411, 33412, 33413, 33414, 33415, 33416, 33417, 33418, 33419, 33420, 33422, 33425, 33426, 33427, 33430, 33460, 33463, 33464, 33465, 33468, 33470, 33471, 33474, 33475, 33476, 33477, 33478, 33496, 33600, 33602, 33390, 33391, 34501 |
| Atrioventricular node ablation | N/A | N/A | 93650 |
| Left atrial appendage occlusion | 37.36, 37.90 | 02570ZK, 02573ZK, 02574ZK, 02B70ZK, 02B73ZK, 02B74ZK, 02H73DZ, 02H74DZ, 02L70CK, 02L70DK, 02L70ZK, 02L73CK, 02L73DK, 02L73ZK, 02L74CK, 02L74DK, 02L74ZK | N/A |
| Surgical ablation | 37.33, 37.37 | 02550ZZ, 02560ZZ, 02570ZZ, 02580ZZ, 02590ZZ, 025F0ZZ, 025G0ZZ, 025H0ZZ, 025J0ZZ, 025K0ZZ, 025L0ZZ, 025M0ZZ, 02B50ZZ, 02B60ZZ, 02B70ZZ, 02B80ZZ, 02B90ZZ, 02BF0ZZ, 02BG0ZZ, 02BH0ZZ, 02BJ0ZZ, 02BK0ZZ, 02BL0ZZ, 02BM0ZZ, 02T80ZZ, 02554ZZ, 02564ZZ, 02574ZZ, 02584ZZ, 02594ZZ, 025F4ZZ, 025G4ZZ, 025H4ZZ, 025J4ZZ, 025K4ZZ, 025L4ZZ, 025M4ZZ, 02B54ZZ, 02B64ZZ, 02B74ZZ, 02B84ZZ, 02B94ZZ, 02BF4ZZ, 02BG4ZZ, 02BH4ZZ, 02BJ4ZZ, 02BK4ZZ, 02BL4ZZ, 02BM4ZZ, 02T84ZZ | 33250, 33251, 33252, 33253, 33254, 33255, 33256, 33257, 33258, 33259, 33261, 33265, 33266 |
Abbreviations: CPT, current procedural terminology; ICD‐9, International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision; ICD‐10, International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision.
APPENDIX B. International Classification of Diseases, 9th and 10th revision (ICD‐9 and ICD‐10) codes, current procedural terminology (CPT) codes, and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes for included complications
Laryngospasm:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | J38.5 | Laryngeal spasm |
Mandibular Joint Dislocation:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | S03.00XA | Dislocation of jaw, unspecified – first encounter |
| ICD‐10‐CM | S03.01XA | Dislocation of jaw, right side – first encounter |
| ICD‐10‐CM | S03.02XA | Dislocation of jaw, left side – first encounter |
| ICD‐10‐CM | S03.03XA | Dislocation of jaw, bilateral – first encounter |
Acute Coronary Syndrome:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | I20.0 | Unstable angina |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I21.0 | ST elevation MI (STEMI) of anterior wall |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I21.01 | ST elevation MI (STEMI) involving left main coronary artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I21.02 | ST elevation MI (STEMI) involving left anterior descending coronary artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I21.09 | ST elevation MI (STEMI) involving other coronary artery of anterior wall |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I21.1 | ST elevation MI (STEMI) of inferior wall |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I21.11 | ST elevation MI (STEMI) involving right coronary artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I21.19 | ST elevation MI (STEMI) involving other coronary artery of inferior wall |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I21.2 | ST elevation MI (STEMI) of other sites |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I21.21 | ST elevation MI (STEMI) involving left circumflex coronary artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I21.29 | ST elevation MI (STEMI) involving other sites |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I21.3 | ST elevation MI (STEMI) of unspecified site |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I21.4 | Non‐ST elevation MI (NSTEMI) |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I21.9 | Acute MI (unspecified) |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I22.0 | Subsequent STEMI anterior wall |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I22.1 | Subsequent STEMI inferior wall |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I22.2 | Subsequent NSTEMI |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I22.8 | Subsequent STEMI other sites |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I22.9 | Subsequent STEMI unspecified site |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I24.0 | Acute coronary thrombosis not resulting in MI |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I24.8 | Other forms of acute ischemic heart disease |
Ischemic Stroke:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.00 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of unspecified precerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.011 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of right vertebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.012 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of left vertebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.013 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of bilateral vertebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.019 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of unspecified vertebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.02 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of basilar artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.031 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of right carotid artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.032 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of left carotid artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.033 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of bilateral carotid arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.039 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of unspecified carotid artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.09 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of other precerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.10 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of unspecified precerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.111 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of right vertebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.112 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of left vertebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.113 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of bilateral vertebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.119 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of unspecified vertebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.12 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of basilar artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.131 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of right carotid artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.132 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of left carotid artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.133 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of bilateral carotid arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.139 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of unspecified carotid artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.19 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of other precerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.20 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of unspecified precerebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.211 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of right vertebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.212 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of left vertebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.213 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of bilateral vertebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.219 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of unspecified vertebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.22 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of basilar artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.231 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of right carotid arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.232 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of left carotid arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.233 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of bilateral carotid arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.239 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of unspecified carotid arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.29 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of other precerebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.30 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of unspecified cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.311 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of right middle cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.312 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of left middle cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.313 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of bilateral middle cerebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.319 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of unspecified middle cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.321 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of right anterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.322 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of left anterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.323 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of bilateral anterior cerebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.329 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of unspecified anterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.331 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of right posterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.332 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of left posterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.333 | Cerebral infarction to thrombosis of bilateral posterior cerebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.339 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of unspecified posterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.341 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of right cerebellar artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.342 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of left cerebellar artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.343 | Cerebral infarction to thrombosis of bilateral cerebellar arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.349 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of unspecified cerebellar artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.39 | Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of other cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.40 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of unspecified cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.411 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of right middle cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.412 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of left middle cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.413 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of bilateral middle cerebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.419 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of unspecified middle cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.421 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of right anterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.422 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of left anterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.423 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of bilateral anterior cerebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.429 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of unspecified anterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.431 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of right posterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.432 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of left posterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.433 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of bilateral posterior cerebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.439 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of unspecified posterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.441 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of right cerebellar artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.442 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of left cerebellar artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.443 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of bilateral cerebellar arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.449 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of unspecified cerebellar artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.49 | Cerebral infarction due to embolism of other cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.50 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of unspecified cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.511 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of right middle cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.512 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of left middle cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.513 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of bilateral middle cerebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.519 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of unspecified middle cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.521 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of right anterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.522 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of left anterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.523 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of bilateral anterior cerebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.529 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of unspecified anterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.531 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of right posterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.532 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of left posterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.533 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of bilateral posterior cerebral arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.539 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of unspecified posterior cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.541 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of right cerebellar artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.542 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of left cerebellar artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.543 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of bilateral cerebellar arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.549 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of unspecified cerebellar artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.59 | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of other cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.6 | Cerebral infarction due to cerebral venous thrombosis, nonpyogenic |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.8 | Other cerebral infarction |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.81 | Other cerebral infarction due to occlusion or stenosis of small artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.89 | Other cerebral infarction |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I63.9 | Cerebral infarction, unspecified |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I97.810 | Intraoperative cerebrovascular infarction during cardiac surgery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I97.811 | Intraoperative cerebrovascular infarction during other surgery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I97.820 | Postprocedural cerebrovascular infarction following cardiac surgery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I97.821 | Postprocedural cerebrovascular infarction following other surgery |
Hemorrhagic Stroke:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.00 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from unspecified carotid siphon and bifurcation |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.01 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from right carotid siphon and bifurcation |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.02 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from left carotid siphon and bifurcation |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.10 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from unspecified middle cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.11 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from right middle cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.12 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from left middle cerebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.2 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from anterior communicating artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.30 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from unspecified posterior communicating artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.31 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from right posterior communicating artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.32 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from left posterior communicating artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.4 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from basilar artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.50 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from unspecified vertebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.51 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from right vertebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.52 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from left vertebral artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.6 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from other intracranial arteries |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.7 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from unspecified intracranial artery |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.8 | Other nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I60.9 | Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, unspecified |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I61.0 | Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in hemisphere, subcortical |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I61.1 | Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in hemisphere, cortical |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I61.2 | Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in hemisphere, unspecified |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I61.3 | Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in brain stem |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I61.4 | Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in cerebellum |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I61.5 | Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, intraventricular |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I61.6 | Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, multiple localized |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I61.8 | Other nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I61.9 | Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, unspecified |
Thromboembolism:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | I26.01 | Septic pulmonary embolism with acute cor pulmonale |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I26.02 | Saddle embolus of pulmonary artery with acute cor pulmonale |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I26.09 | Other pulmonary embolism with acute cor pulmonale |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I26.90 | Septic pulmonary embolism without acute cor pulmonale |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I26.92 | Saddle embolus of pulmonary artery without acute cor pulmonale |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I26.93 | Single subsegmental pulmonary embolism without acute core pulmonale |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I26.94 | Multiple subsegmental pulmonary emboli without acute cor pulmonale |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I26.99 | Other pulmonary embolism without acute cor pulmonale |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.210 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of superior vena cava |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.220 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of inferior vena cava |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.290 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of other thoracic veins |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.401 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of right lower extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.402 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of left lower extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.403 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of lower extremity, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.409 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of unspecified lower extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.411 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of right femoral vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.412 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of left femoral vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.413 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of femoral vein, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.419 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified femoral vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.421 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of right iliac vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.422 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of left iliac vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.423 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of iliac vein, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.429 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified iliac vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.431 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of right popliteal vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.432 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of left popliteal vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.433 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of popliteal vein, lateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.439 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified popliteal vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.441 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of right tibial vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.442 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of left tibial vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.443 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of tibial vein, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.449 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified tibial vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.451 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of right peroneal vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.452 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of left peroneal vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.453 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of peroneal vein, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.459 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified peroneal vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.461 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of right calf muscular vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.462 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of left calf muscular vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.463 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of calf muscular vein, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.469 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified calf muscular vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.491 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of right lower extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.492 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of left lower extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.493 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of lower extremity, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.499 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of unspecified lower extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.4Y1 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of right proximal lower extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.4Y2 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of left proximal lower extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.4Y3 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of proximal lower extremity, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.4Y9 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of unspecified proximal lower extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.4Z1 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of right distal lower extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.4Z2 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of left distal lower extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.4Z3 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of distal lower extremity, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.4Z9 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of unspecified distal lower extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.601 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified veins of right upper extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.602 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified veins of left upper extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.603 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified veins of upper extremity, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.609 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified veins of unspecified upper extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.611 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of superficial veins of right upper extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.612 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of superficial veins of left upper extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.613 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of superficial veins of upper extremity, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.619 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of superficial veins of unspecified upper extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.621 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of deep veins of right upper extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.622 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of deep veins of left upper extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.623 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of deep veins of upper extremity, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.629 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of deep veins of unspecified upper extremity |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.890 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of other specified veins |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.90 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.A11 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of right axillary vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.A12 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of left axillary vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.A13 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of axillary vein, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.A19 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified axillary vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.B11 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of right subclavian vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.B12 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of left subclavian vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.B13 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of subclavian vein, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.B19 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified subclavian vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.C11 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of right internal jugular vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.C12 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of left internal jugular vein |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.C13 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of internal jugular vein, bilateral |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I82.C19 | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified internal jugular vein |
Transient Ischemic Attack:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | G45.0 | Vertebro‐basilar artery syndrome |
| ICD‐10‐CM | G45.1 | Carotid artery syndrome (hemispheric) |
| ICD‐10‐CM | G45.2 | Multiple and bilateral precerebral artery syndromes |
| ICD‐10‐CM | G45.3 | Amaurosis fugax |
| ICD‐10‐CM | G45.8 | Other transient cerebral ischemic attacks and related syndromes |
| ICD‐10‐CM | G45.9 | Transient cerebral ischemic attack, unspecified |
Phrenic Nerve Damage:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | J98.6 | Disorders of diaphragm |
| ICD‐10‐CM | S14.9XXA | Injury of unspecified nerves of neck, initial encounter |
| ICD‐10‐CM | G97.81 | Other intraoperative complications of nervous system |
| ICD‐10‐CM | G97.82 | Other postprocedural complications and disorders of nervous system |
Pericarditis:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | I30.8 | Other forms of acute pericarditis |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I30.9 | Acute pericarditis, unspecified |
Bleeding:
| Code Type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | I97.418 | Intraoperative hemorrhage and hematoma of a circulatory system organ or structure complicating other circulatory system procedure |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I97.42 | Intraoperative hemorrhage and hematoma of a circulatory system organ or structure complicating other procedure |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I97.618 | Postprocedural hemorrhage and hematoma of a circulatory system organ or structure following other circulatory system procedure |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I97.620 | Postprocedural hemorrhage of a circulatory system organ or structure following other procedure |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I97.621 | Postprocedural hematoma of a circulatory system organ or structure following other procedure |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I97.638 | Postprocedural hematoma of a circulatory system organ or structure following other circulatory system procedure |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I77.0 | Arteriovenous fistula, acquired |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I97.89 | Other postprocedural complications and disorders of the circulatory system, not elsewhere classified |
Atrio‐Esophageal Fistula:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | K22.3 | Perforation of esophagus |
| ICD‐10‐CM | S27.812A | Contusion of esophagus (thoracic part), initial encounter |
| ICD‐10‐CM | S27.813A | Laceration of esophagus (thoracic part), initial encounter |
| ICD‐10‐CM | S27.818A | Other injury of esophagus (thoracic part), initial encounter |
| ICD‐10‐CM | S27.819A | Unspecified injury of esophagus (thoracic part), initial encounter |
Severe Pulmonary Vein Stenosis Requiring Intervention:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | S25.421A | Major laceration of right pulmonary blood vessels, initial encounter |
| ICD‐10‐CM | S25.422A | Major laceration of left pulmonary blood vessels, initial encounter |
| ICD‐10‐CM | S25.429A | Major laceration of unspecified pulmonary blood vessels, initial encounter |
Vagal Nerve Injury:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | S04.899A | Injury of other cranial nerves, unspecified side, initial encounter |
Vascular Access Complication Requiring Repair:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04CC3ZZ | Extirpation of Matter from Right Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04CD3ZZ | Extirpation of Matter from Left Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04CH3ZZ | Extirpation of Matter from Right External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04CJ3ZZ | Extirpation of Matter from Left External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04CK3ZZ | Extirpation of Matter from Right Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04CL3ZZ | Extirpation of Matter from Left Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LC0DZ | Occlusion of Right Common Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LC3DZ | Occlusion of Right Common Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LC3ZZ | Occlusion of Right Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LC4DZ | Occlusion of Right Common Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LD0DZ | Occlusion of Left Common Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LD3DZ | Occlusion of Left Common Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LD3ZZ | Occlusion of Left Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LD4DZ | Occlusion of Left Common Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LH0DZ | Occlusion of Right External Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LH3DZ | Occlusion of Right External Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LH3ZZ | Occlusion of Right External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LH4DZ | Occlusion of Right External Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LJ0DZ | Occlusion of Left External Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LJ3DZ | Occlusion of Left External Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LJ3ZZ | Occlusion of Left External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LJ4DZ | Occlusion of Left External Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LK0DZ | Occlusion of Right Femoral Artery with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LK3DZ | Occlusion of Right Femoral Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LK3ZZ | Occlusion of Right Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LK4DZ | Occlusion of Right Femoral Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LL0DZ | Occlusion of Left Femoral Artery with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LL3DZ | Occlusion of Left Femoral Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LL3ZZ | Occlusion of Left Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04LL4DZ | Occlusion of Left Femoral Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QC0ZZ | Repair Right Common Iliac Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QC3ZZ | Repair Right Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QC4ZZ | Repair Right Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QD0ZZ | Repair Left Common Iliac Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QD3ZZ | Repair Left Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QD4ZZ | Repair Left Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QH0ZZ | Repair Right External Iliac Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QH3ZZ | Repair Right External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QH4ZZ | Repair Right External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QJ0ZZ | Repair Left External Iliac Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QJ3ZZ | Repair Left External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QJ4ZZ | Repair Left External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QK0ZZ | Repair Right Femoral Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QK3ZZ | Repair Right Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QK4ZZ | Repair Right Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QL0ZZ | Repair Left Femoral Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QL3ZZ | Repair Left Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04QL4ZZ | Repair Left Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SC0ZZ | Reposition Right Common Iliac Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SC3ZZ | Reposition Right Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SC4ZZ | Reposition Right Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SD0ZZ | Reposition Left Common Iliac Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SD3ZZ | Reposition Left Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SD4ZZ | Reposition Left Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SH0ZZ | Reposition Right External Iliac Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SH3ZZ | Reposition Right External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SH4ZZ | Reposition Right External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SJ0ZZ | Reposition Left External Iliac Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SJ3ZZ | Reposition Left External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SJ4ZZ | Reposition Left External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SK0ZZ | Reposition Right Femoral Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SK3ZZ | Reposition Right Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SK4ZZ | Reposition Right Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SL0ZZ | Reposition Left Femoral Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SL3ZZ | Reposition Left Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04SL4ZZ | Reposition Left Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UC07Z | Supplement Right Common Iliac Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UC0JZ | Supplement Right Common Iliac Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UC0KZ | Supplement Right Common Iliac Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UC37Z | Supplement Right Common Iliac Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UC3JZ | Supplement Right Common Iliac Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UC3KZ | Supplement Right Common Iliac Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UC47Z | Supplement Right Common Iliac Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UC4JZ | Supplement Right Common Iliac Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UC4KZ | Supplement Right Common Iliac Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UD07Z | Supplement Left Common Iliac Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UD0JZ | Supplement Left Common Iliac Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UD0KZ | Supplement Left Common Iliac Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UD37Z | Supplement Left Common Iliac Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UD3JZ | Supplement Left Common Iliac Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UD3KZ | Supplement Left Common Iliac Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UD47Z | Supplement Left Common Iliac Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UD4JZ | Supplement Left Common Iliac Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UD4KZ | Supplement Left Common Iliac Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UH07Z | Supplement Right External Iliac Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UH0JZ | Supplement Right External Iliac Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UH0KZ | Supplement Right External Iliac Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UH37Z | Supplement Right External Iliac Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UH3JZ | Supplement Right External Iliac Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UH3KZ | Supplement Right External Iliac Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UH47Z | Supplement Right External Iliac Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UH4JZ | Supplement Right External Iliac Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UH4KZ | Supplement Right External Iliac Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UJ07Z | Supplement Left External Iliac Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UJ0JZ | Supplement Left External Iliac Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UJ0KZ | Supplement Left External Iliac Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UJ37Z | Supplement Left External Iliac Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UJ3JZ | Supplement Left External Iliac Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UJ3KZ | Supplement Left External Iliac Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UJ47Z | Supplement Left External Iliac Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UJ4JZ | Supplement Left External Iliac Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UJ4KZ | Supplement Left External Iliac Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UK07Z | Supplement Right Femoral Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UK0JZ | Supplement Right Femoral Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UK0KZ | Supplement Right Femoral Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UK37Z | Supplement Right Femoral Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UK3JZ | Supplement Right Femoral Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UK3KZ | Supplement Right Femoral Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UK47Z | Supplement Right Femoral Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UK4JZ | Supplement Right Femoral Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UK4KZ | Supplement Right Femoral Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UL07Z | Supplement Left Femoral Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UL0JZ | Supplement Left Femoral Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UL0KZ | Supplement Left Femoral Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UL37Z | Supplement Left Femoral Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UL3JZ | Supplement Left Femoral Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UL3KZ | Supplement Left Femoral Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UL47Z | Supplement Left Femoral Artery with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UL4JZ | Supplement Left Femoral Artery with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04UL4KZ | Supplement Left Femoral Artery with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VC0DZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VC0EZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Artery with Branched or Fenestrated Intraluminal Device, One or Two Arteries, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VC0ZZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VC3DZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VC3EZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Artery with Branched or Fenestrated Intraluminal Device, One or Two Arteries, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VC3ZZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VC4DZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VC4EZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Artery with Branched or Fenestrated Intraluminal Device, One or Two Arteries, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VC4ZZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VD0DZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VD0EZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Artery with Branched or Fenestrated Intraluminal Device, One or Two Arteries, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VD0ZZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VD3DZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VD3EZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Artery with Branched or Fenestrated Intraluminal Device, One or Two Arteries, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VD3ZZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VD4DZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VD4EZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Artery with Branched or Fenestrated Intraluminal Device, One or Two Arteries, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VD4ZZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VH0DZ | Restriction of Right External Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VH0ZZ | Restriction of Right External Iliac Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VH3DZ | Restriction of Right External Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VH3ZZ | Restriction of Right External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VH4DZ | Restriction of Right External Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VH4ZZ | Restriction of Right External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VJ0DZ | Restriction of Left External Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VJ0ZZ | Restriction of Left External Iliac Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VJ3DZ | Restriction of Left External Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VJ3ZZ | Restriction of Left External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VJ4DZ | Restriction of Left External Iliac Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VJ4ZZ | Restriction of Left External Iliac Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VK0DZ | Restriction of Right Femoral Artery with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VK0ZZ | Restriction of Right Femoral Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VK3DZ | Restriction of Right Femoral Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VK3ZZ | Restriction of Right Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VK4DZ | Restriction of Right Femoral Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VK4ZZ | Restriction of Right Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VL0DZ | Restriction of Left Femoral Artery with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VL0ZZ | Restriction of Left Femoral Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VL3DZ | Restriction of Left Femoral Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VL3ZZ | Restriction of Left Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VL4DZ | Restriction of Left Femoral Artery with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 04VL4ZZ | Restriction of Left Femoral Artery, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06CC3ZZ | Extirpation of Matter from Right Common Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06CD3ZZ | Extirpation of Matter from Left Common Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06CF3ZZ | Extirpation of Matter from Right External Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06CG3ZZ | Extirpation of Matter from Left External Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06CM3ZZ | Extirpation of Matter from Right Femoral Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06CN3ZZ | Extirpation of Matter from Left Femoral Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LC0DZ | Occlusion of Right Common Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LC3DZ | Occlusion of Right Common Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LC3ZZ | Occlusion of Right Common Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LC4DZ | Occlusion of Right Common Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LD0DZ | Occlusion of Left Common Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LD3DZ | Occlusion of Left Common Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LD3ZZ | Occlusion of Left Common Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LD4DZ | Occlusion of Left Common Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LF0DZ | Occlusion of Right External Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LF3DZ | Occlusion of Right External Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LF3ZZ | Occlusion of Right External Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LF4DZ | Occlusion of Right External Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LG0DZ | Occlusion of Left External Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LG3DZ | Occlusion of Left External Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LG3ZZ | Occlusion of Left External Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LG4DZ | Occlusion of Left External Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LM0DZ | Occlusion of Right Femoral Vein with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LM3DZ | Occlusion of Right Femoral Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LM3ZZ | Occlusion of Right Femoral Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LM4DZ | Occlusion of Right Femoral Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LN0DZ | Occlusion of Left Femoral Vein with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LN3DZ | Occlusion of Left Femoral Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LN3ZZ | Occlusion of Left Femoral Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06LN4DZ | Occlusion of Left Femoral Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SC0ZZ | Reposition Right Common Iliac Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SC3ZZ | Reposition Right Common Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SC4ZZ | Reposition Right Common Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SD0ZZ | Reposition Left Common Iliac Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SD3ZZ | Reposition Left Common Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SD4ZZ | Reposition Left Common Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SF0ZZ | Reposition Right External Iliac Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SF3ZZ | Reposition Right External Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SF4ZZ | Reposition Right External Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SG0ZZ | Reposition Left External Iliac Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SG3ZZ | Reposition Left External Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SG4ZZ | Reposition Left External Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SM0ZZ | Reposition Right Femoral Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SM3ZZ | Reposition Right Femoral Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SM4ZZ | Reposition Right Femoral Vein, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SN0ZZ | Reposition Left Femoral Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SN3ZZ | Reposition Left Femoral Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06SN4ZZ | Reposition Left Femoral Vein, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UC07Z | Supplement Right Common Iliac Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UC0JZ | Supplement Right Common Iliac Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UC0KZ | Supplement Right Common Iliac Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UC37Z | Supplement Right Common Iliac Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UC3JZ | Supplement Right Common Iliac Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UC3KZ | Supplement Right Common Iliac Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UC47Z | Supplement Right Common Iliac Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UC4JZ | Supplement Right Common Iliac Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UC4KZ | Supplement Right Common Iliac Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UD07Z | Supplement Left Common Iliac Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UD0JZ | Supplement Left Common Iliac Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UD0KZ | Supplement Left Common Iliac Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UD37Z | Supplement Left Common Iliac Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UD3JZ | Supplement Left Common Iliac Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UD3KZ | Supplement Left Common Iliac Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UD47Z | Supplement Left Common Iliac Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UD4JZ | Supplement Left Common Iliac Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UD4KZ | Supplement Left Common Iliac Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UF07Z | Supplement Right External Iliac Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UF0JZ | Supplement Right External Iliac Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UF0KZ | Supplement Right External Iliac Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UF37Z | Supplement Right External Iliac Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UF3JZ | Supplement Right External Iliac Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UF3KZ | Supplement Right External Iliac Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UF47Z | Supplement Right External Iliac Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UF4JZ | Supplement Right External Iliac Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UF4KZ | Supplement Right External Iliac Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UG07Z | Supplement Left External Iliac Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UG0JZ | Supplement Left External Iliac Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UG0KZ | Supplement Left External Iliac Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UG37Z | Supplement Left External Iliac Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UG3JZ | Supplement Left External Iliac Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UG3KZ | Supplement Left External Iliac Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UG47Z | Supplement Left External Iliac Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UG4JZ | Supplement Left External Iliac Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UG4KZ | Supplement Left External Iliac Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UM07Z | Supplement Right Femoral Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UM0JZ | Supplement Right Femoral Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UM0KZ | Supplement Right Femoral Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UM37Z | Supplement Right Femoral Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UM3JZ | Supplement Right Femoral Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UM3KZ | Supplement Right Femoral Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UM47Z | Supplement Right Femoral Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UM4JZ | Supplement Right Femoral Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UM4KZ | Supplement Right Femoral Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UN07Z | Supplement Left Femoral Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UN0JZ | Supplement Left Femoral Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UN0KZ | Supplement Left Femoral Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UN37Z | Supplement Left Femoral Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UN3JZ | Supplement Left Femoral Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UN3KZ | Supplement Left Femoral Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UN47Z | Supplement Left Femoral Vein with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UN4JZ | Supplement Left Femoral Vein with Synthetic Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06UN4KZ | Supplement Left Femoral Vein with Nonautologous Tissue Substitute, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VC0DZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VC0ZZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VC3DZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VC3ZZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VC4DZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VC4ZZ | Restriction of Right Common Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VD0DZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VD0ZZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VD3DZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VD3ZZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VD4DZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VD4ZZ | Restriction of Left Common Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VF0DZ | Restriction of Right External Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VF0ZZ | Restriction of Right External Iliac Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VF3DZ | Restriction of Right External Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VF3ZZ | Restriction of Right External Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VF4DZ | Restriction of Right External Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VF4ZZ | Restriction of Right External Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VG0DZ | Restriction of Left External Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VG0ZZ | Restriction of Left External Iliac Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VG3DZ | Restriction of Left External Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VG3ZZ | Restriction of Left External Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VG4DZ | Restriction of Left External Iliac Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VG4ZZ | Restriction of Left External Iliac Vein, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VM0DZ | Restriction of Right Femoral Vein with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VM0ZZ | Restriction of Right Femoral Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VM3DZ | Restriction of Right Femoral Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VM3ZZ | Restriction of Right Femoral Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VM4DZ | Restriction of Right Femoral Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VM4ZZ | Restriction of Right Femoral Vein, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VN0DZ | Restriction of Left Femoral Vein with Intraluminal Device, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VN0ZZ | Restriction of Left Femoral Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VN3DZ | Restriction of Left Femoral Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VN3ZZ | Restriction of Left Femoral Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VN4DZ | Restriction of Left Femoral Vein with Intraluminal Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 06VN4ZZ | Restriction of Left Femoral Vein, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| CPT | 35211 | Repair blood vessel, direct; intrathoracic, with bypass |
| CPT | 35216 | Repair blood vessel, direct; intrathoracic, without bypass |
| CPT | 35226 | Repair blood vessel, direct; lower extremity |
| CPT | 35246 | Repair blood vessel with vein graft; intrathoracic, without bypass |
| CPT | 35251 | Repair blood vessel with vein graft; intra‐abdominal |
| CPT | 35256 | Repair blood vessel with vein graft; lower extremity |
| CPT | 35276 | Repair blood vessel with graft other than vein; intrathoracic, without bypass |
| CPT | 35281 | Repair blood vessel with graft other than vein; intra‐abdominal |
| CPT | 35286 | Repair blood vessel with graft other than vein; lower extremity |
Blood Transfusion:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30230H1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Whole Blood into Peripheral Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30230N1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Red Blood Cells into Peripheral Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30230P1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Frozen Red Cells into Peripheral Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30233H1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Whole Blood into Peripheral Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30233N1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Red Blood Cells into Peripheral Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30233P1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Frozen Red Cells into Peripheral Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30240H1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Whole Blood into Central Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30240N1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Red Blood Cells into Central Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30240P1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Frozen Red Cells into Central Vein, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30243H1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Whole Blood into Central Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30243N1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Red Blood Cells into Central Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30243P1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Frozen Red Cells into Central Vein, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30250H1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Whole Blood into Peripheral Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30250N1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Red Blood Cells into Peripheral Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30250P1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Frozen Red Cells into Peripheral Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30253H1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Whole Blood into Peripheral Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30253N1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Red Blood Cells into Peripheral Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30253P1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Frozen Red Cells into Peripheral Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30260H1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Whole Blood into Central Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30260N1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Red Blood Cells into Central Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30260P1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Frozen Red Cells into Central Artery, Open Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30263H1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Whole Blood into Central Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30263N1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Red Blood Cells into Central Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 30263P1 | Transfusion of Nonautologous Frozen Red Cells into Central Artery, Percutaneous Approach |
| CPT | 36430 | Transfusion, blood or blood components |
| HCPCS | P9010 | Blood (whole), for transfusion, per unit |
| HCPCS | P9011 | Blood, split unit (specify amount) |
| HCPCS | P9016 | Red blood cells, leukocytes reduced, each unit |
| HCPCS | P9021 | Red blood cells, each unit |
| HCPCS | P9022 | Red blood cells, washed, each unit |
| HCPCS | P9038 | Red blood cells, irradiated, each unit |
| HCPCS | P9039 | Red blood cells, deglycerolized, each unit |
| HCPCS | P9040 | Red blood cells, leukocytes reduced, irradiated, each unit |
| HCPCS | P9051 | Whole blood or red blood cells, leukocytes reduced, cmv‐negative, each unit |
| HCPCS | P9054 | Whole blood or red blood cells, leukocytes reduced, frozen, deglycerol, washed, each unit |
| HCPCS | P9056 | Whole blood, leukocytes reduced, irradiated, each unit |
| HCPCS | P9057 | Red blood cells, frozen/deglycerolized/washed, leukocytes reduced, irradiated, each unit |
| HCPCS | P9058 | Red blood cells, leukocytes reduced, cmv‐negative, irradiated, each unit |
Cardiac Tamponade/Perforation:
| Code type | Code | Code description |
|---|---|---|
| ICD‐10‐CM | I31.2 | Hemopericardium, not elsewhere classified |
| ICD‐10‐CM | I31.4 | Cardiac tamponade |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 0W9C30Z | Drainage of Mediastinum with Drainage Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 0W9C3ZZ | Drainage of Mediastinum, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 0W9D30Z | Drainage of Pericardial Cavity with Drainage Device, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 0W9D3ZX | Drainage of Pericardial Cavity, Percutaneous Approach, Diagnostic |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 0W9D3ZZ | Drainage of Pericardial Cavity, Percutaneous Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 0W9D40Z | Drainage of Pericardial Cavity with Drainage Device, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 0W9D4ZX | Drainage of Pericardial Cavity, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach, Diagnostic |
| ICD‐10‐PCS | 0W9D4ZZ | Drainage of Pericardial Cavity, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach |
| HCPCS Code | G9408 | Patients with cardiac tamponade and/or pericardiocentesis occurring within 30 days |
Abbreviations: CPT, current procedural terminology; HCPCS, Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System ICD‐10, International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision; ICD‐9, International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision.
Pimentel RC, Rahai N, Maccioni S, Khanna R. Differences in outcomes among patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing catheter ablation with versus without intracardiac echocardiography. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2022;33:2015‐2047. 10.1111/jce.15599
Disclosures: Rhea C. Pimentel has no conflict of interest to declare. Neloufar Rahai, Sonia Maccioni, and Rahul Khanna are Johnson & Johnson employees.
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for this study.
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Supplementary Materials
Supplementary information.
Data Availability Statement
Restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for this study.