Table 1.
Description of the stage-1 and stage-2 studies and participants.
| Study | Sample Size | BP Measurement Method | Mean age* (s.d.) | Women, % | Ancestry, % |
Mean BMI† (s.d.) | Mean SBP‡ (s.d.) | Mean DBP‡ (s.d.) | HTN§, % | Anti-HTN medicine, % | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| African | Asian | European | Hispanic | Other | ||||||||||
| Stage-1 Studies | ||||||||||||||
| Amish | 1,111 | Standard sphygmomanometer | 50.7 (17.1) | 49.7 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 27.0 (4.6) | 120.7 (15.6) | 74.3 (9.7) |
16.7 | 5.2 |
| ARIC | 6545ǁ | Random zero sphygmomanometer | 54.1 (5.7) | 54.5 | 9.23 | 0.00 | 90.8 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 27.1 (5.0) | 119.1 (17.7) | 72.2 (10.5) | 34.8 | 27.2 |
| BioMe | 3,155 | Multiple sphygmomanometers | 59.1 (12.9) | 63.2 | 38.3 | 1.27 | 21.5 | 39.0 | 0.00 | 29.8 (7.3) | 133.1 (25.1) | 73.9 (13.6) | 67.5 | 54.5 |
| CARDIA | 2,930 | Random zero sphygmomanometer | 25.1 (3.6) | 57.7 | 45.1 | 0.00 | 54.9 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 24.5 (5.0) | 110.0 (10.9) | 68.5 (9.4) |
2.7 | 0.9 |
| CFS | 990 | Calibrated sphygmomanometer | 41.3 (19.5) | 53.5 | 50.6 | 0.00 | 48.9 | 0.51 | 0.00 | 31.8 (9.4) | 121.8 (17.0) | 74.1 (11.1) | 35.9 | 28.3 |
| CHS | 2,839 | Random zero sphygmomanometer | 72.5 (5.3) | 56.4 | 18.3 | 0.04 | 80.5 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 26.8 (4.7) | 136.6 (21.6) | 70.9 (11.6) | 65.9 | 46.5 |
| FHS | 3,615 | Desktop baumanometer | 38.0 (8.9) | 54.1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 25.8 (4.8) | 119.8 (15.0) | 77.4 (10.2) | 17.9 | 4.9 |
| GeneSTAR | 1,735 | Mercury or aneroid sphygmomanometer | 41.5 (11.4) | 59.3 | 44.2 | 0.00 | 55.8 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 29.6 (7.1) | 120.3 (16.2) | 77.8 (10.8) | 28.5 | 15.9 |
| GENOA | 1,214 | Random zero sphygmomanometer | 56.3 (10.6) | 70.2 | 100 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 31.1 (6.6) | 134.5 (22.3) | 77.8 (12.2) | 69.7 | 57.7 |
| GenSalt | 1,818 | Random zero sphygmomanometer | 38.7 (9.6) | 47.3 | 0.00 | 100 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 23.3 (3.2) | 117.7 (15.1) | 74.3 (11.1) | 12.7 | 0.4 |
| GOLDN | 942 | Automated Dinamap | 47.9 (16.3) | 53.0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 28.3 (5.7) | 115.6 (16.8) | 68.3 (9.3) |
22.9 | 17.9 |
| HCHS-SOL | 1,590 | Digital Omron | 46.9 (14.4) | 62.0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.0 | 0.00 | 30.7 (6.9) | 123.8 (19.0) | 74.3 (11.3) | 34.3 | 21.1 |
| HyperGEN | 1,880 | Automated dinamap | 47.0 (12.8) | 63.4 | 100 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 32.0 (7.7) | 129.8 (22.5) | 74.4 (11.7) | 62.9 | 52.7 |
| JHS | 3,307 | Random zero sphygmomanometer | 55.4 (12.8) | 62.6 | 100 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 31.8 (7.3) | 127.2 (16.6) | 75.7 (8.8) |
59.4 | 52.0 |
| MESA | 4,526 | Automated dinamap | 61.0 (9.8) | 51.4 | 24.0 | 13.2 | 40.4 | 22.4 | 0.00 | 28.2 (5.3) | 124.8 (20.5) | 71.8 (10.2) | 45.6 | 35.5 |
| Samoan | 1,261 | Digital Omron | 44.6 (11.3) | 60.3 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100 | 33.6 (6.7) | 128.4 (19.1) | 82.0 (13.0) | 32.0 | 7.2 |
| THRV | 1,138 | Automated dinamap | 49.3 (9.5) | 53.2 | 0.00 | 100 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 25.2 (3.5) | 130.3 (25.2) | 77.5 (13.9) | 67.6 | 50.7 |
| WHI | 10,860 | Mercury sphygmomanometer | 66.5 (6.8) | 100 | 13.2 | 1.85 | 82.2 | 2.78 | 0.00 | 28.7 (6.1) | 132.2 (18.5) | 75.7 (9.7) |
55.7 | 39.8 |
| Stage-2 Studies | ||||||||||||||
| UK Biobank (GWAS) | 383,145 | Digital Omron | 56.9 (8.0) | 54.0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.0# | 0.00 | 0.00 | 27.4 (4.7) | 139.8 (19.8) | 83.3 (10.9) | 47.0 | 10.1 |
| UK Biobank (WES) | 199,631 | Digital Omron | 56.5 (8.1) | 54.4 | 0.63 | 2.50 | 93.8 | 0.00 | 3.1 | 27.4 (4.8) | 137.8 (18.7) | 82.2 (10.2) | 54.3 | 21.1 |
| MVP | 318,891 | Multiple devices | 58.6 (12.6) | 8.40 | 18.8 | 0.80 | 69.1 | 6.70 | 4.6 | 30.2 (5.8) | 138.1 (16.0) |
82.6 (11.0) |
65.6 | 48.9 |
| REGARDS | 10,643 | Aneroid sphygmomanometer | 64.4 (9.6) | 57.9 | 83.8 | 0.00 | 16.2 | 0.00 | 0.0 | 30.4 (6.6) | 130.5 (17.3) | 78.1 (10.1) | 69.1 | 62.9 |
Amish, The Amish Complex Disease Research Program; ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities; BioMe, The IPM BioMe Biobank; BMI, Body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CARDIA, Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults; CCDG, Centers for Common Disease Genomics; CFS, Cleveland Family Study; CHS, Cardiovascular Health Study; DBP, diastolic BP; FHS, Framingham Heart Study; GeneSTAR, Genetic Studies of Atherosclerosis Risk; GENOA, Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy; GenSalt, Genetic Epidemiology Network of Salt-Sensitivity; GOLDN, Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network; HCHS-Sol, Hispanic Community Health Study-Study of Latinos; GWAS, Genome-wide association study; HTN, hypertension; HyperGen, Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network; JHS, Jackson Heart Study; MESA, Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; MVP, Million Veteran Program; n, sample size; REGARDS, Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke; Samoan, Samoan Study; SBP, systolic BP; s.d., standard deviation; THRV, Taiwan Study of Hypertension using Rare Variants; TOPMed, Trans-omics for Precision Medicine; WES, whole-exome sequencing; WGS, whole-genome sequencing; WHI, Women’s Health Initiative.
Age in years.
Measurements in kg/m2.
Measurements in mmHg.
Defined as SBP≥140, DBP≥90 or use of anti-HTN medication.
Includes 3,934 and 2,611 participants with WGS data from TOPMed and CCDG, respectively.
All are White British.