Oral conditions, such as the number of teeth and oral hygiene, are related to oral functions and oral health-related quality of life (QoL) [1,2]. Furthermore, oral conditions, especially oral functions, have been known to play a crucial role in systemic health (physical and mental functions) [3]. This means that oral conditions are generally associated with not only oral health-related QoL, but also general QoL, defined as “an individual’s perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns” by World Health Organization [4]. Oral conditions are generally disrupted by oral and dental diseases, including caries, periodontal disease, tooth loss, oral mucosal lesions, and oral cancers. Notably, oral frailty and oral sarcopenia, regarded as the age-related poor conditions in oral health, are related to oral hypofunction. These conditions may result in dysphagia and malnutrition, followed by physical and cognitive impairment [5,6,7,8,9]. These imply that oral conditions and oral functions are key factors to maintain better QoL.
Oral rehabilitation to improve oral conditions includes dental treatments, such as operative dentistry, periodontal therapy, and prosthodontic treatment. The previous reports analyzed the outcomes of their interventions. These outcomes generally depended on the interventions, which included the clinical evaluation of some parameters, survival and success rates, and the prognosis of intervention. In addition, the exercises of perioral muscles, including the tongue, has been of increasing interest [10,11,12,13,14,15]. Based on the significant effects of oral conditions and oral functions on systemic conditions, it must be very important to show the effects of the novel oral rehabilitations on dental and oral diseases, oral functions, and systemic conditions from multiple points of view, and to review the etiology, treatment procedures, and the clinical impacts of oral rehabilitation on specific oral diseases and conditions.
The aim of this special issue entitled “Oral Rehabilitation from Oral and Dental Diseases” is to introduce the current research on oral rehabilitation and reconsider previous reports in this field.
Institutional Review Board Statement
Not applicable.
Informed Consent Statement
Not applicable.
Data Availability Statement
Not applicable.
Conflicts of Interest
The author declares no conflict of interest.
Funding Statement
This research received no external funding.
Footnotes
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
References
- 1.Gerritsen A.E., Allen P.F., Witter D.J., Bronkhorst E.M., Creugers N.H.J. Tooth loss and oral health-related quality of life: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Qual. Life Outcomes. 2010;8:126. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-8-126. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 2.Dibello V., Zupo R., Sardone R., Lozupone M., Castellana F., Dibello A., Daniele A., De Pergola G., Bortone I., Lampignano L., et al. Oral frailty and its determinants in older age: A systematic review. Lancet Health Longev. 2021;2:e507–e520. doi: 10.1016/S2666-7568(21)00143-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 3.Watanabe Y., Okada K., Kondo M., Matsushita T., Nakazawa S., Yamazaki Y. Oral health for achieving longevity. Geriatr. Gerontol. Int. 2020;20:526–538. doi: 10.1111/ggi.13921. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 4.WHOQOL: Measuring Quality of Life. [(accessed on 3 October 2022)]. Available online: https://www.who.int/tools/whoqol/whoqol-bref.
- 5.Iwasaki M., Motokawa K., Watanabe Y., Shirobe M., Inagaki H., Edahiro A., Ohara Y., Hirano H., Shinkai S., Awata S. Association Between Oral Frailty and Nutritional Status Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Takashimadaira Study. J. Nutr. Health Aging. 2020;24:1003–1010. doi: 10.1007/s12603-020-1511-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 6.Panebianco M., Marchese-Ragona R., Masiero S., Restivo D.A. Dysphagia in neurological diseases: A literature review. Neurol. Sci. 2020;41:3067–3073. doi: 10.1007/s10072-020-04495-2. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 7.Iwasaki M., Motokawa K., Watanabe Y., Shirobe M., Inagaki H., Edahiro A., Ohara Y., Hirano H., Shinkai S., Awata S. A Two-Year Longitudinal Study of the Association between Oral Frailty and Deteriorating Nutritional Status among Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2020;18:213. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18010213. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 8.Dominguez L.J., Veronese N., Vernuccio L., Catanese G., Inzerillo F., Salemi G., Barbagallo M. Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Other Lifestyle Factors in the Prevention of Cognitive Decline and Dementia. Nutrients. 2021;13:4080. doi: 10.3390/nu13114080. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 9.De Sire A., Ferrillo M., Lippi L., Agostini F., de Sire R., Ferrara P.E., Raguso G., Riso S., Roccuzzo A., Ronconi G., et al. Sarcopenic Dysphagia, Malnutrition, and Oral Frailty in Elderly: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients. 2022;14:982. doi: 10.3390/nu14050982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 10.Laciuga H., Rosenbek J.C., Davenport P.W., Sapienza C.M. Functional outcomes associated with expiratory muscle strength training: Narrative review. J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. 2014;51:535–546. doi: 10.1682/JRRD.2013.03.0076. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 11.Oh J.-C. Effects of Resistive Jaw-Opening Exercise with Elastic Resistance Bands on Suprahyoid Muscle Activation and Tongue Strength in the Elderly: A Pilot Study. Folia Phoniatr. Logop. 2020;73:376–383. doi: 10.1159/000509441. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 12.Tada M., Ofusa W., Shiratori T., Yamamoto M., Shoji Y., Suzuki N., Yamada Y. Electromyographic evaluation of perioral muscle activities during facial expression and button-pull exercise. J. Oral Rehabil. 2021;48:1226–1234. doi: 10.1111/joor.13241. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 13.Lin C.-J., Lee Y.-S., Hsu C.-F., Liu S.-J., Li J.-Y., Ho Y.-L., Chen H.-H. Effects of tongue strengthening exercises on tongue muscle strength: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sci. Rep. 2022;12:10438. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-14335-2. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 14.Gao M., Wang Y., Xu L., Wang X., Song J., Yang X., Zhou F. Safety and performance of oropharyngeal muscle strength training in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia during oral feeding: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2022;12:e061893. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061893. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 15.Hsiao H.-L., Lou J.-H., Wang C.-C., Lai Y.-J., Wu S.-J., Hwu Y.-J. Effects of Tongue-Strengthening Exercise on Tongue Strength Reserve and Detraining Effects among Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2022;19:6878. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116878. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Associated Data
This section collects any data citations, data availability statements, or supplementary materials included in this article.
Data Availability Statement
Not applicable.
