Table 3.
Biochemical markers of daphnid physiology upon exposure to a mixture of eight chemicals. Data represent mean ± standard deviation (N = 4) of enzyme activity. Enzyme activity was expressed as units/mg protein for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipase, β-galactosidase and phosphatases, as munits/mg protein for GST, and for reduced thiols in nmoles/mg protein. Bold font indicates statistically significant difference by one-way ANOVA followed by comparison with the unexposed control.
| Control | 10% | 20% | 30% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALP | 8.28 ± 0.19 | 11.67 ± 1.01 (+41%) | 11.64 ± 0.32 (+41%) | 11.22 ± 1.19 (+36%) |
| ACP | 3.08 ± 0.14 | 3.62 ± 0.44 (+18%) | 4.05 ± 0.27 (+31%) | 4.29 ± 0.45 (+37%) |
| βGAL | 3.62 ± 0.06 | 3.19 ± 0.09 (−12%) | 2.6 ± 0.13 (−28%) | 2.11 ± 0.09 (−42%) |
| Lipase | 17.73 ± 0.59 | 15.34 ± 1.31 (−13%) | 10.43 ± 1.18 (−41%) | 10.85 ± 1.24 (−39%) |
| Peptidase | 95.65 ± 4.44 | 93.09 ± 12.29 | 73.8 ± 6.81 (−23%) | 77.18 ± 6.58 (−20%) |
| LDH | 54.79 ± 2.32 | 50.44 ± 7.07 | 32.9 ± 10.11 (−40%) | 18.41 ± 4.3 (−67%) |
| GST | 149.52 ± 3.36 | 169.14 ± 13.02 | 193.41 ± 7.56 (+29%) | 227.61 ± 23.68 (+52%) |
| Reduced thiols | 201.44 ± 31.76 | 158.82 ± 12.12 (−21%) | 115.69 ± 17.18 (−43%) | 88.69 ± 35.97 (−56%) |