Effects of L-36 CFCS on cell membrane of S. aureus. (A) PI uptake of S. aureus. observed under fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence intensity were determined by automatic microplate reader. (a1) Control, (a2) L-36 CFCS at 1 × MIC, (a3) L-36 CFCS at 2 × MIC, (a4) L-36 CFCS at 4 × MIC, (a5) is the measurement result of fluorescence intensity corresponding to the experiment, and CK is untreated L-36 CFCS. (B) FD4 and FD10 uptake of S. aureus observed under fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence intensity were determined by automatic microplate reader. FD4: about 4.0 kDa, 1.4 nm radius; FD10: about 10.1 kDa, 2.3 nm radius. (b1) FD4 Control, (b2) L-36 CFCS at 1 × MIC, (b3) FD10 Control, (b4) L-36 CFCS at 1 × MIC, (b5) is the measurement result of fluorescence intensity corresponding to the experiment, and CK is untreated L-36 CFCS. (C) Effects of L-36 CFCS on leakage of nucleic acids and proteins in S. aureus using automatic microplate reader. CK is untreated L-36 CFCS. (D) Effects of L-36 CFCS on transmembrane electrical potential of S. aureus analyzed using automatic microplate reader. CK is untreated L-36 CFCS. Statistically significant differences (determined by Student’s t test) are indicated as **** p < 0.00001, *** p < 0.001, and ** p < 0.01 vs. the control.