Figure 1.

(A) Bioreactor arrangement scheme: an alternant sinusoidal current is injected into two coils to create an oscillating magnetic field that is directly applied to a culture dish, inside which a golden loop is placed, resulting in the generation of an induced current in this loop. (B) A representative scanning electron microscope image of an aligned PLA electrospun scaffold. Scale bar: 20 µm. (C) Scheme of the 35 mm culture dish assembly: the sterile golden loop is firstly placed inside the dish, and, after that, the PLA membranes, where the NPCs will be seeded, are positioned equidistantly from the culture dish center and over the golden loop. (D) Scheme showing the combined magnetic and electric stimulation protocol employed for continuous and intermittent stimulation pattern (in red is shown the stimulus application). Stimulation parameters in both continuous and intermittent stimulation were a frequency of 75 Hz, a magnetic field of 1.13 mT, and an induced current in the loop of 750 µA, applied for 3 days.