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. 2022 Nov 12;10(11):684. doi: 10.3390/toxics10110684

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Possible mechanism of PFAS-associated reduction in adipose tissue. PFAS generate ROS directly (a) or indirectly (b). ROS trigger elevated PPARγ expression as well as activation of AKT, JNK, ERK, and p38 by phosphorylation, resulting in hyper-differentiation of pre-adipocytes. As a result, fewer proliferating pre-adipocytes remain after PFAS exposure, causing lower adipose tissue weight. Temkin 2020 [164]; Kvandova 2016 [177]; Kirtonia 2020 [176]; Son 2013 [178]; Guru 2021 [174]; Yan 2015 [75]. The proposed mechanism is not related to existing AOPs (AOP-Wiki).