Table 6.
Composition and parameters of biomaterials-based 3D printed bone scaffolds.
| Author | Material | Compositions | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ferri et al. [71] | PLA | PLA | Hardness |
| PLA-10HA | Tensile strength | ||
| PLA-20HA | Tensile modulus | ||
| PLA-30HA | Elongation at break | ||
| Flexural strength | |||
| Flexural strength | |||
| Wu et al. [72] | PLA | PLA and 5 wt% HA | Compressive strength |
| PLA and 10 wt% HA | Elastic modulus | ||
| PLA and 15 wt% HA | Pullout load | ||
| Diez-Escudero et al. [73] | PLA | PLA | Thermal characterization |
| PLAcHA | Physicochemical characterization | ||
| PLA15H | Biological characterization | ||
| Bernardo et al. [74] | PLA | PLA | Physical-chemical characterization |
| 80%PLA: 20%HA | Thermal analysis | ||
| 75%PLA: 25%HA | Wettability | ||
| 70%PLA: 30%HA | |||
| Wang et al. [75] | PLA | PLA | Characterization of PLA/n-HA |
| 10% n-HA/PLA | In vitro experiment | ||
| 20% n-HA/PLA | In vivo experiment | ||
| 30% n-HA/PLA | |||
| 40% n-HA/PLA | |||
| 50% n-HA/PLA | |||
| Corcione, Gervaso, and Scalera [76] | PLA | PLA | Compressive strength |
| PLA/sdHA | Stiffnes | ||
| Morphology | |||
| Porosity | |||
| Glass transition temperature. | |||
| Melting temperature | |||
| Xu et al. [79] | PCL | PCL | Porosity |
| 70%PCL:30%HA | Compressive Strength | ||
| Elastic Modulus | |||
| In vitro experiment | |||
| Kim et al. [80] | PCL | PCL/HA 5 wt.% | Morphology |
| PCL/HA 10 wt.% | Tensile Strength | ||
| PCL/HA 15 wt.% | Fracture Strain | ||
| PCL/HA 20 wt.% | |||
| PCL/HA 25 wt.% | |||
| Pierantozzi et al. [81] | PCL | 100% PCL | Porosity |
| 90% PCL:10% HA | Compressive stress | ||
| 90% PCL: 10% SrHA | Elastic Modulus | ||
| 80% PCL: 20% HA | In vitro experiment | ||
| 80% PCL: 20% SrHA | |||
| Jiao et al. [82] | PCL | PCL | Microstructures |
| 20% micro-HA/PCL | Crystallization temperature | ||
| 20% nano-HA/PCL | Micropore structure | ||
| Porosity | |||
| Tensile strength | |||
| Flexural strength | |||
| Fard et al. [61] | PCL | PCL | Compressive strength |
| P-nHA1% | Apparent modulus | ||
| P-nHA2% | TGA results | ||
| P-nHA3% | FTIR results | ||
| P-CNW1% | Cell viability results | ||
| P-CNW2% | Biodegradation rate | ||
| P-CNW3% | |||
| P-nHA1.5%-CNW1.5% | |||
| P-nHA1%-CNW2% | |||
| P-nHA2%-CNW% | |||
| Momeni et.al [83] | PCL | PCL | XRD result |
| PCL/10nFA | FTIR result | ||
| PCL/20nFA | SEM image | ||
| PCL/30nFA | Yield strength | ||
| Young modulus | |||
| Tensile strength | |||
| Elongation |