Table 1.
Demographic data, comorbidities, and laboratory test results of healthy controls and sepsis patients.
| Variables | Healthy Controls (n = 30) | Sepsis Patients (Acute Stage, n = 30) |
p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years; mean ± SD) | 56.23 ± 11.23 | 54.58 ± 13.87 | 0.615 a |
| Male gender (n, %) | 21 (70.00) | 23 (76.67) | 0.559 b |
| Comorbidities (n, %) | |||
| Hypertension | 7 (23.33) | 10 (33.33) | 0.390 b |
| Coronary heart diseases | 6 (20.00) | 3 (10.00) | 0.608 b |
| Diabetes | 2 (0.07) | 5 (0.17) | 0.421 b |
| Complete blood count (mean ± SD or median (interquartile range)) | |||
| WBC (×109/L) | 8.31 ± 4.61 | 11.78 ± 7.49 | 0.034 a |
| LYM (×109/L) | 0.51 (0.32–0.91) | 0.42 (0.44–0.79) | 0.331 c |
| NEU (×109/L) | 5.39 (3.81–6.73) | 13.51 (7.11–18.78) | 0.017 c |
| MONO (×109/L) | 0.39 ± 0.33 | 0.50 ± 0.38 | 0.236 a |
| HGB (g/L) | 112.32 ± 21.87 | 105.57 ± 26.58 | 0.287 a |
| PLT (×109/L) | 150.73 ± 83.45 | 145.28 ± 90.92 | 0.809 a |
| Blood gas analysis (mean ± SD) | |||
| SaO2 | 0.98 ± 0.02 | 0.87 ± 0.23 | 0.012 a |
| PCO2 (mmHg) | 35.65 ± 8.45 | 58.53 ± 15.37 | <0.001 a |
| PO2 (mmHg) | 146.91 ± 56.34 | 72.35 ± 35.34 | <0.001 a |
| PH | 7.38 ± 0.12 | 7.24 ± 0.23 | 0.004 a |
| BE (mmol/L) | −1.29 ± 1.88 | −5.47 ± 6.70 | 0.003 a |
| HCO3− (mmol/L) | 18.26 ± 4.33 | 17.57 ± 8.13 | 0.683 a |
| Lac (mmol/L) | 1.81 ± 0.85 | 2.77 ± 1.92 | 0.017 a |
| Inflammatory profile (median (interquartile range)) | |||
| PCT (ng/mL) | 0.72 (0.21–2.83) | 3.58 (2.45–8.39) | 0.007 c |
| CRP (mg/L) | 82.65 (23.45–130.39) | 145.77 (56.21–312.40) | 0.008 c |
| Biochemical test (mean ± SD or median (interquartile range)) | |||
| TP (g/L) | 65.38 ± 8.71 | 62.67 ± 6.34 | 0.174 a |
| GLB (g/L) | 31.45 ± 7.32 | 30.22 ± 8.19 | 0.542 a |
| ALB (g/L) | 35.73 ± 5.75 | 33.30 ± 6.36 | 0.126 a |
| ALT (U/L) | 38.41 ± 12.15 | 40.33 ± 9.16 | 0.492 a |
| AST (U/L) | 55.97 ± 6.31 | 53.53 ± 7.52 | 0.807 a |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 9.32 ± 3.75 | 10.54 ± 2.33 | 0.136 a |
| Cr (μmol/L) | 94.22 ± 15.76 | 101.75 ± 22.97 | 0.144 a |
| UA (μmol/L) | 306.19 ± 98.23 | 345.74 ± 112.13 | 0.152 a |
| LDH (U/L) | 152.42 ± 34.16 | 157.83 ± 22.74 | 0.473 a |
| BNP (pg/mL) | 126.21 ± 32.67 | 143.37 ± 26.75 | 0.030 a |
| CK-MB (U/L) | 30.51 (11.01–23.26) | 31.87 (15.71–44.61) | 0.271 c |
| cTnI (pg/mL) | 0.01 (0.00–0.13) | 0.01 (0.00–0.21) | 0.890 c |
| K+ (mmol/L) | 4.31 ± 0.75 | 4.27 ± 0.81 | 0.843 a |
| Na+ (mmol/L) | 137.23 ± 15.21 | 134.56 ± 14.23 | 0.485 a |
Abbreviations: WBC, white blood cell; LYM, lymphocyte; NEU, neutrophil; MONO, monocyte; HGB, hemoglobin; PLT, platelet; PGT, procalcitonin; CRP, C-reactive protein; TP, total plasma protein; GLB, globulin; ALB, albumin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BUN, blood urine nitrogen; Cr, creatinine; UA, uric acid; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CK-MB, creatinine kinase-MB; cTnI, highly sensitive troponin I. a Student’s t-test; b χ2 test; c Mann–Whitney U test.