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. 2020 Nov 26;13(4):327–351. doi: 10.1007/s12200-020-1084-1

Multifunctional layered black phosphorene-based nanoplatform for disease diagnosis and treatment: a review

Xiazi Huang 1,2,#, Yingying Zhou 1,2,#, Chi Man Woo 1,2, Yue Pan 3, Liming Nie 4, Puxiang Lai 1,2,✉
PMCID: PMC9743864  PMID: 36641565

Abstract

As an outstanding two-dimensional material, black phosphorene, has attracted significant attention in the biomedicine field due to its large surface area, strong optical absorption, distinct bioactivity, excellent biocompatibility, and high biodegradability. In this review, the preparation and properties of black phosphorene are summarized first. Thereafter, black phosphorene-based multifunctional platforms employed for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, including cancer, bone injuries, brain diseases, progressive oxidative diseases, and kidney injury, are reviewed in detail. This review provides a better understanding of the exciting properties of black phosphorene, such as its high drug-loading efficiency, photothermal conversion capability, high 1O2 generation efficiency, and high electrical conductivity, as well as how these properties can be exploited in biomedicine. Finally, the research perspectives of black phosphorene are discussed. graphic file with name 12200_2020_1084_Fig1_HTML.jpg

Keywords: black phosphorus (BP), delivery nanoplatform, bioimaging, cancer therapy, bone regeneration

Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Nos. 81930048, 81627805, and 81671726), Guangdong Science and Technology Commission (Nos. 2019BT02X105, 2019A1515011374), Hong Kong Research Grant Council (Nos. 25204416, R5029-19), Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Commission (Nos. ITS/022/18, GHP/043/19SZ, GHP/044/19GD), Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission (No. JCYJ20170818104421564), Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 2020B1515020027), and Guangzhou Science and Technology Bureau (No. 202002020070).

Footnotes

Xiazi Huang received her bachelor’s degree in Pharmacy from Sun Yat-Sen University, China, in 2015 and M.Sc. degree in Biomedical Engineering from Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China, in 2016. After that, she joined a biophotonics laboratory at Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China, as a research assistant. She is currently a Ph.D. student at Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China. Her research focuses on the design of nanoparticles for enhanced imaging diagnosis and cancer treatment.

Yingying ZHOU is a Ph.D. student at Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China. She received her bachelor’s degree from Sun Yat-Sen University, China. Her research focuses on photoacoustic microscopy and its applications.

Chi Man Woo received her M.Sc. degree in Biomedical Engineering from Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China, in 2019 and B.Eng. degree in Medical Engineering from The University of Hong Kong, China, in 2017. She is currently a research assistant in a biophotonics laboratory at Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China. Her research focuses on biomedical imaging and optical wavefront shaping for deep-tissue focusing.

Yue Pan received his B.Sc. degree in 2003, followed by a M.Sc. degree from University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), China, in 2006. He obtained his Ph.D. degree in 2012 from Brandeis University, USA, under the supervision of Prof. Bing Xu. Before starting his independent research at Soochow University, China, in 2013, he was a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard Medical School, USA. He is now a full professor at Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China. He has published 32 papers as the corresponding author and 7 as the first author in several journals, including Chemical Society Reviews, Journal of the American Chemical Society, Nano Energy, and Biosensors and Bioelectronics. His research focuses on the biomedical applications of functionalized nanomaterials, which have been widely reported and cited by Nature Materials, Nature Reviews Chemistry, Nature Protocols, Nature Biomedical Engineering, etc. His research has also been highlighted by “Chemistry World” of the Royal Society of Chemistry, “Advanced Science News”, and “Chemistry Views” by Wiley and ranked by “Faculty of 1000” among the top 2% of published articles in biology and medicine. He was honored as one of the “Top 1% Most Cited Chinese Researchers” by the Royal Society of Chemistry and Distinguished Young Scholars by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation.

Liming Nie earned his Ph.D. degree in Optics from South China Normal University, China. He received his postdoctoral training under Dr. Lihong V. Wang at Washington University in St. Louis, USA, from 2010 to 2012. Thereafter, he worked on molecular imaging as a research associate at National Institute of Health, USA. In 2014, he joined Xiamen University, China, as a faculty member and was promoted to full professor in 2018. His laboratory is transitioning to the Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, China. He edited and co-authored two textbooks on molecular imaging. His laboratory focuses on optical molecular imaging technology advancement and applications, mainly on photoacoustic microscopy, functional photoacoustic tomography, and other imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography. He has published over 70 peer-reviewed articles in several journals, including Nature Communications, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, European Radiology, and The Journal of Nuclear Medicine, and has delivered more than 30 plenary speeches or invited talks in international conferences. His work has been cited by Nature Method, Neuron, PNAS, etc. His Google Scholar H-index and citations have reached 34 and 4300, respectively. He has received numerous research funding awards from the National Natural Science Foundation of China as well as the Ministry of Science and Technology of China. He received the ACS Young Scientist Award and the first-place award of Huaxia Medical Technology.

Puxiang Lai received his bachelor’s degree from Tsinghua University, China, in 2002, M.Sc. degree from Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, in 2005, and Ph.D. degree from Boston University, USA, in 2011. After that, he joined Dr. Lihong V. Wang’s laboratory at Washington University in St. Louis, USA, as a Postdoctoral Research Associate. In September 2015, he joined Department of Biomedical Engineering at Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China, as a tenure-track assistant professor.

Dr. Lai’s research focuses on the synergy of light and sound as well as their applications in biomedicine, such as wavefront shaping, photoacoustic imaging, acousto-optic imaging, and computational optical imaging. His research has fueled more than 50 publications in top journals, such as Nature Photonics, Nature Communications, and Advanced Sciences. Since 2015, his research has been continuously supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), Hong Kong Research Grant Council (RGC), Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Commission (ITC), Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province, and Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission (STIC), with an allocated budget of more than 19 million Hong Kong dollars.

Dr. Lai was awarded the 2016–2017 Hong Kong RGC Early Career Award, 2018 Hong Kong Polytechnic University Faculty of Engineering Research Grant Achievement Award, 2019 PolyU K.C. Wong Belt and Road Visiting Fellowship Award, and 2020 Hong Kong Polytechnic University Faculty of Engineering Faculty Research Award. In recognition of his contribution to the field, currently, Puxiang serves as an Associate Editor of Journal of Visual Computing for Industry, Biomedicine, and Art (VCIBA); a Guest Editor of Journal of Innovative Optics in Health and Science (JIOHS); a Committee Member of the Biomedical Optics Panel in the Chinese Society of Biomedical Engineering; and a Member of the Medical Instrument Judging Panel in the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission.

Equal contribution

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