FIG 1.

Relationship between acetylation modification and antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli. (A) Average minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the highly resistant strains from left to right are shown. Ampicillin (Amp): wild-type (WT) strain = 8.2 μg/mL, Amp-resistant strain (Re-Amp) = 481.7 μg/mL. Kanamycin (Kan): WT = 0.5 μg/mL, Kan-resistant (Re-Kan) = 31.3 μg/mL. Polymyxin B (Pol): WT = 0.3 μg/mL, Pol-resistant (Re-Pol) = 22.6 μg/mL. Experiments were performed in triplicate. Two-tailed unpaired t test was used for statistical analysis. (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.005; ****, P < 0.001). (B) Acetylated antibodies were treated with acetylated or unmodified peptide libraries to detect their specificity. (C) Immunoblot of the Escherichia coli lysate with the α-AcK monoclonal antibody. (D) Resistance formation ability of Escherichia coli BW25113 and ΔpatZ and ΔcobB strains to ampicillin (left) and polymyxin (right).